神经元与认知
Synchronization in neural system plays an important role in many brain functions. Synchronization in the gamma frequency band (30Hz-100Hz) is involved in a variety of cognitive phenomena; abnormalities of the gamma synchronization are found…
Conventional deep brain stimulation (DBS) of basal ganglia uses high-frequency regular electrical pulses to treat Parkinsonian motor symptoms and has a series of limitations. Relatively new and not yet clinically tested optogenetic…
Intermittent synchronization is observed in a variety of different experimental settings in physics and beyond and is an established research topic in nonlinear dynamics. When coupled oscillators exhibit relatively weak, intermittent…
This paper describes a mathematical formulation for measuring how one system can estimate the consciousness of another. This consciousness estimate is always relative to the observer. The paper shows how this formulation leads to simple…
A central goal of neuroscience is to understand the representations formed by brain activity patterns and their connection to behavior. The classical approach is to investigate how individual neurons encode the stimuli and how their tuning…
According to mechanistic theories of working memory (WM), information is retained as persistent spiking activity of cortical neural networks. Yet, how this activity is related to changes in the oscillatory profile observed during WM tasks…
In this paper we study the spontaneous development of symmetries in the early layers of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) during learning on natural images. Our architecture is built in such a way to mimic the early stages of biological…
Graph theory has been extensively used to investigate brain network topology and its changes in disease cohorts. However, many graph theoretic analysis-based brain network studies focused on the shortest paths or, more generally,…
Criticality has been conjectured as an integral part of neuronal network dynamics. Operating at a critical threshold requires precise parameter tuning and a corresponding mechanism remains an open question. Recent studies have suggested…
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have shown promising results in restoring motor function to individuals with spinal cord injury. These systems have traditionally focused on the restoration of upper extremity function; however, the lower…
When we experience an event, it feels like our previous experiences, our interpretations of that event (e.g., aesthetics, emotions), and our current state will determine how we will remember it. However, recent work has revealed a strong…
Computational modeling plays an increasingly important role in neuroscience, highlighting the philosophical question of how computational models explain. In the context of neural network models for neuroscience, concerns have been raised…
Adaptation is used by biological sensory systems to respond to a wide range of environmental signals, by adapting their response properties to the statistics of the stimulus in order to maximize information transmission. We derive rules of…
Local anaxonic neurons with graded potential release are important ingredients of nervous systems, present in the olfactory bulb system of mammalians, in the human visual system, as well as in arthropods and nematodes. We develop a neuronal…
Several methods have been developed to extract information from electroencephalograms (EEG). One of them is Phase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC) which is a type of Cross-Frequency Coupling (CFC) method, consisting in measure the synchronization…
Despite the recent success of neural network models in mimicking animal performance on visual perceptual tasks, critics worry that these models fail to illuminate brain function. We take it that a central approach to explanation in systems…
Simulation-based training is an effective tool for acquiring practical skills, specifically to train new surgeons in a controlled and hazard-free environment, it is however important to measure participants cognitive load to decide whether…
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is becoming an important method in the field of motor rehabilitation because of its ability to non-invasively influence ongoing brain oscillations at arbitrary frequencies. However,…
Learning and inferring features that generate sensory input is a task continuously performed by cortex. In recent years, novel algorithms and learning rules have been proposed that allow neural network models to learn such features from…
While probabilistic models describe the dependence structure between observed variables, causal models go one step further: they predict, for example, how cognitive functions are affected by external interventions that perturb neuronal…