物理与社会
Stop-and-go waves in traffic flow pose a persistent challenge, compromising safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability. This paper introduces a novel mitigation strategy discovered through training multi-agent deep reinforcement…
The development of stochastic thermodynamics during the last decades prompted the discovery of novel nonequilibrium relations refining our understanding of the second law in small fluctuating systems and its connection with information…
The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrates their potential to encapsulate the logic and patterns inherent in human behavior simulation by leveraging extensive web data pre-training. However, the boundaries of LLM…
The dynamics of casual group formation has long been a subject of interest in social sciences. While early stochastic models offered foundational insights into group size distributions, they often simplified individual behaviors and lacked…
This study proposes a new model based on a classic S-curve that describes deployment and stabilization at maximum capacity. In addition, the model extends to the post-growth plateau, where technological capacity is renewed according to the…
Social networks are shaped by complex, intersecting identities that drive our connection preferences. These preferences weave networks where certain groups hold privileged positions, while others become marginalized. While previous research…
Social polarization is a growing concern worldwide, as it strains social relations, erodes trust in institutions, and thus threatens democratic societies. Academic efforts to understand this phenomenon have traditionally approached it from…
The growth of suburbs in the US has led to significant sustainability challenges; yet, it remains unclear whether these challenges stem from the remoteness of suburbs from city centers or the specific designs used to develop them. This…
Understanding how group interactions influence opinion dynamics is fundamental to the study of collective behavior. In this work, we propose and study a model of opinion dynamics on $d$-uniform hypergraphs, where individuals interact…
In many large metropolitan areas, cars cruising for parking significantly contribute to congestion and pollution. At the same time, parking restrictions are contemplated to encourage the use of greener transport alternatives. We give a…
This article presents an analytical account of the capacity limits and operational challenges of the main airports in the S\~ao Paulo Macrometropolis. Drawing on international examples, such as London Heathrow, it discusses how large hubs…
Pedestrians in crowds frequently move as part of small groups, constituting up to 70% of individuals. Dyads (groups of two) are the most frequent. Understanding quantitatively the dynamics of dyads walking in crowds is therefore an…
Current research challenges in sustainability science require us to consider nonlinear changes e.g. shifts that do not happen gradually but can be sudden and difficult to predict. Central questions are therefore how we can prevent harmful…
To study resilience with real data, it is necessary to group the individual outages recorded by utilities into events in which the outages bunch up and overlap due to extreme weather. We show how to automatically group utility outage data…
Unprecedented events intertwine with the repetition of the past in natural phenomena and human activities. Key statistical patterns, such as Heaps' and Taylor's laws and Zipf's law, have been identified as characterizing the dynamical…
Social media platforms have transformed the dynamics of collective opinion formation, enabling rapid, large-scale interactions while simultaneously exposing online discourse to polarization and manipulation. Traditional models of opinion…
Environmental determinism in the past followed from the belief that the gods bestowed political power and the best possible weather on the sponsors of early scholars. Although later discredited in academia because of the associations with…
The Infinite Monkey Theorem states that if one monkey randomly hits the keys in front of a typewriter keyboard during an infinite amount of time, any works written by William Shakespeare will almost surely be typed out at the end of the…
Despite the growing recognition of the importance of inclusive transportation policies nationwide, there is still a gap, as the existing transportation models often fail to capture the unique travel behavior of people with disabilities.…
This paper introduces the "Singularity Warfare" concept, arguing that the accelerating pace of technological revolution, driven by artificial intelligence and quantum mechanics, is fundamentally reshaping the nature of conflict. Moving…