物理与社会
The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed certain societal weaknesses, including the lack of scientists in the media and the readiness of the public to believe in fake news. "Neutralina" is a science communication personality created on Instagram…
Threshold-driven models and game theory are two fundamental paradigms for describing human interactions in social systems. However, in mimicking social contagion processes, models that simultaneously incorporate these two mechanisms have…
Indirect reciprocity unveils how social cooperation is founded upon moral systems. Within the frame of dyadic games based on individual reputations, the "leading-eight" strategies distinguish themselves in promoting and sustaining…
Individuals involved in common group activities/settings -- e.g., college students that are enrolled in the same class and/or live in the same dorm -- are exposed to recurrent contacts of physical proximity. These contacts are known to…
A strategy to assist visualization and analysis of large and complex data sets is dimensionality reduction, with which one maps each data point into a low-dimensional manifold. However, various dimensionality reduction techniques are…
Pushes, falls, stampedes, and crushes are safety hazards that emerge from the collective motion of crowds, but might be avoided by better design and guidance. While pedestrian dynamics are now getting better understood on the whole, complex…
This paper proposes a Galton board approximation method to analyze the potential walking preferences of pedestrians. We employ the binomial distribution to estimate the walking preferences of pedestrians in dynamic crowds. Estimating the…
In this paper, we explore how members of the scientific community leave academic science and how attrition (defined as ceasing to publish) differs across genders, academic disciplines, and over time. Our approach is cohort-based and…
Wind farm lights are a conspicuous feature in the nocturnal landscape. Their presence is a source of light pollution for residents and the environment, severely disrupting in some places the aesthetic, cultural, and scientific values of the…
Cooperation as a self-organized collective behavior plays a significant role in the evolution of ecosystems and human society. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a new perspective, distinct from imitation learning in evolutionary games, for…
Over the past three decades, describing the reality surrounding us using the language of complex networks has become very useful and therefore popular. One of the most important features, especially of real networks, is their complexity,…
Assessing carbon negative and carbon neutrality is critical for mitigating and adapting global climate change. Here we proposed a new framework to account for carbon-negative and carbon-neutral actions by introducing the definition of…
Previous explanations for the persistence of polarization of opinions have typically included modelling assumptions that predispose the possibility of polarization (i.e., assumptions allowing a pair of agents to drift apart in their opinion…
This note highlights how Russia uses the international academic sphere-including scientometric databases, international publishers, and international organizations-as a propaganda tool to legitimize its appropriation of Ukrainian…
Reputation is not just a simple opinion that an individual has about another but a social construct that emerges through communication. Despite the huge importance in coordinating human behavior, such a communicative aspect has remained…
In both animal and cell populations, the presence of leaders often underlies the success of collective migration processes, which we characterise by a group maintaining a cohesive configuration that consistently moves toward a target. We…
This study investigates who should bear the responsibility of combating the spread of misinformation in social networks. Should that be the online platforms or their users? Should that be done by debunking the "fake news" already in…
A wide range of tasks in network analysis, such as clustering network populations or identifying anomalies in temporal graph streams, require a measure of the similarity between two graphs. To provide a meaningful data summary for…
Social network extensions of Heider's balance theory have not always been consistent. Structural balance theory primarily focuses on graph partitioning, thereby assuming, homogeneity in balance-driven behavior of nodes. We present a general…
Recent empirical studies found different thermodynamic phases for collective motion in animals. However, such a thermodynamic description for human movement remains unclear, mainly due to the limited resolution of existing tracking…