等离子体物理
The results of simulations of magnetic reconnection accompanied by electron and proton heating and energization in a macroscale system are presented. Both species form extended powerlaw distributions that extend nearly three decades in…
Measuring the energy cascade rate in space plasmas is a challenging task for several reasons. This quantity is (i) inherently three-dimensional (ii) scale-dependent, (iii) anisotropic in the interplanetary plasma, and (iv) requires…
For analytical description of the initial stage of jet generation in nonequilibrium inhomogeneous plasma in the magnetohydrodynamic approximation, possible generalizations of solutions of the nonlinear equation for the stream function are…
We describe and analyze a new class of direct energy conversion schemes based on the adiabatic magnetic drift of charged particles in axisymmetric magnetic fields. The efficiency of conversion as well as the geometrical and dynamical…
The Particle-In-Cell (PIC) and Monte Carlo Collisions (MCC) methods are workhorses of many numerical simulations of physical systems. Recently, it was pointed out that, while the two methods can be exactly - or nearly - energy-conserving…
In inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions, the preheating risks associated with hot electrons generated by laser plasma instabilities (LPI) are contingent upon the angular characteristics of these hot electrons for a given total…
Energy functionals serve as the basis for different models and methods in quantum and classical many-particle physics. Arguably, one of the most successful and widely used approaches in material science at both ambient and extreme…
We investigate the propagation of positive streamers in CO$_2$ through 3D particle-in-cell simulations, which are qualitatively compared against experimental results at 50 mbar. The experiments show that CO$_2$ streamers are much more…
Tungsten peaking is predicted in the core of a WEST plasma with total-f gyrokinetic simulations, including both collisional and turbulent transport. This prediction is validated with a synthetic diagnostic of the bolometry. Although…
The cutoff energy and the divergence of the protons generated by the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism are known to be significantly influenced by micrometer and nanometer-size structures on the target front and rear surfaces.…
Unlike junctions in solid-state devices, a plasma-metal junction (pm-junction) is a junction of classical and quantum electrons. The plasma electrons are Maxwellain in nature, while metal electrons obey the Fermi-Dirac distribution. In this…
Magnetic reconnection often initiates abruptly and then rapidly progresses to a nonlinear quasi-steady state. While satellites frequently detect reconnection events, ascertaining whether the system has achieved steady-state or is still…
We investigate tearing modes (TM) driven by current density gradient in collisionless tokamak plasmas by using the electromagnetic gyrokinetic simulation code ORB5. We elucidate the TM width by simulations for flat profiles, as the absence…
The use of tunable pre-pulse is a common technique to enhance the high-order harmonic generation from surface plasma. The shape and dynamic of the electron density, the degree of ionization and its rate, and the plasma heating are…
The fusion research facility ITER is currently being assembled to demonstrate that fusion can be used for industrial energy production, while several other programmes across the world are also moving forward, such as EU-DEMO, CFETR, SPARC…
This paper provides a comparison between the vibrational-specific state-to-state (StS) model for nitrogen plasma elaborated in Part I of this work and conventional two-temperature (2-T) models for simulating inductively coupled plasma (ICP)…
This work presents a vibrational and electronic state-to-state model for nitrogen plasma implemented within a multi-physics modular computational framework to study non-equilibrium effects in inductively coupled plasma (ICP) discharges.…
The application of a bundling technique to model the diverse charge states of tungsten impurity species in total-f gyrokinetic simulations is demonstrated. The gyrokinetic bundling method strategically groups tungsten ions of similar…
Theoretical studies have suggested that nonlinear effects can lead to "radio frequency condensation", which coalesces RF power deposition and driven current near the center of a magnetic island. It is predicted that an initially broad…
A possible design rule for preventing surface damage from thermal transients to solid tungsten armour is proposed and formulated for the plasma facing components (divertor, first wall) of magnetic fusion machines. The rule is based on…