仪器与探测器
This paper reports on the status of the Tsinghua tabletop Kibble balance experiment, aiming to deliver a mass calibration instrument for kilogram realizations in accordance with the new International System of Units (SI). Major progress…
Oscillation and frequency modulation have been leveraged for applications in detection (or sensing), data processing, and telemetry. This work provides a theoretical analysis of oscillation phenomena with negative impedance implemented…
A Lead-Scintillating Fiber (Pb/SciFi) prototype for the Barrel Imaging Calorimeter (BIC) at the Electron--Ion Collider (EIC) was tested with electron beams at the CERN PS T10 beam line in August 2024. The prototype consisted of unit modules…
The SpinQuest experiment at Fermilab employs a dynamically polarized solid ammonia target to probe the spin structure of the proton, requiring stable, optimized microwave-driven Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) under high radiation…
The detective quantum efficiency (DQE) and normalised noise power spectrum (NNPS) of the Timepix4 hybrid pixel detector in event-driven mode in TEM have been measured at 100 kV and 200 kV. In a raw data readout mode, the zero-frequency DQE…
The problem of spatially selective radio-frequency (RF) pulse design in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is typically stated in the form of determining, analytically or numerically, RF waveforms to be applied in synchrony with one or more…
Low-Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) provide moderate internal gain and time resolutions of a few tens of picoseconds, making them a key technology for ultrafast timing in high-energy physics and beyond. However, both their gain and timing…
The TRISTAN detector is an upgrade to the KATRIN experiment to enable a differential measurement of the tritium $\beta$-decay spectrum to search for the experimental signature of keV scale sterile neutrinos. The TRISTAN detector upgrade…
The n2EDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute aims to conduct a high-sensitivity search for the electric dipole moment of the neutron. Magnetic stability and control are achieved through a combination of passive shielding, provided by…
Accurate knowledge of material reflectance in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range is crucial for optimizing photon detection in noble gas detectors such as DUNE. Despite its importance, reflectance values for detector materials in the VUV…
Cryogenic phonon detectors are adopted in light dark matter searches and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments as they can achieve low energy thresholds. The phonon mediated sensing of silicon particle absorbers has…
We present the results of a study of lightly doped amorphous silicon used as a resistive medium for high-radiopurity resistors in nuclear and particle physics research instrumentation. Prototypes are produced for a Time Projection Chamber…
Liquid scintillators are widely used in particle and nuclear physics. Understanding the scintillation and quenching mechanisms is a fundamental issue in designing a high-light-yield liquid scintillator. In this work, the basic scintillation…
We present the first implementation of AI agents into the design and optimization of detectors in high-energy physics experiments via a bilevel optimization framework that vertically integrates detector geometry, front-end digitization, and…
We describe the design and performance of a 260-liter liquid argon (LAr) cryogenic test stand for liquid argon detector research and development at BNL. The system uses gas-phase argon purification with continuous pump-free circulation, in…
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is widely used tool for materials characterisation. However, being a scanned technique, STEM is susceptible to sample, stage or beam drift, manifesting as distortions within images or…
A graphene-optimized silicon carbide PIN detector was fabricated and its radiation tolerance under X-ray irradiation of 160 keV was evaluated. Its electrical properties, charge collection performance and time resolution of beta-particles…
Experimental measurements of the radial spreading of photoelectrons emitted from a multi-alkali photocathode in a MCP-based photomultiplier tube have shown that, for photon wavelengths of 455 nm, 515 nm and 625 nm, the maximum initial…
Radiation detectors deployed as part of a large urban network or for homeland security monitoring must maintain reliable energy calibration even when subjected to substantial variations in temperature and ambient background radiation.…
Modern scientific instruments operate under increasingly extreme constraints on bandwidth, latency, and power. Inference at the sensor edge determines experimental data collection efficiency by deciding which information to save for further…