地球物理
The three-dimensional structures of individual trees are important pieces of information necessary to understand the effect of trees on urban environments. In this study, we demonstrate a method for estimating the leaf area density (LAD)…
The design of urban areas and building that utilizes the microclimatic effects of trees is a promising approach for reducing the severe heat stress caused by urban heat islands and global warming. Although trees can reduce heat stress…
We study the dynamic surface response of neolithic stone settlements obtained with seismic ambient noise techniques near the city of Carnac in French Brittany. Surprisingly, we find that menhirs (neolithic human size standing alone granite…
Windblown dust plays critical roles in numerous geophysical and biological systems, yet current models fail to explain the transport of coarse-mode particles (>5 $\mu$m) to great distances from their sources. For particles larger than a few…
The analysis of the classical and mirror triads of the sequence of earthquakes has been carried out in order to find the equations of evolution of foreshocks and aftershocks. The differential equation with cubic (quadratic) nonlinearity has…
Elastic full-waveform inversion (FWI) when successfully applied can provide accurate and high-resolution subsurface parameters. However, its high computational cost prevents the application of this method to large-scale field-data…
Shear stress history controls the pore pressure response in liquefiable soils. The excess pore pressure does not increase under cyclic loading when shear stress amplitude is lower than the peak prior amplitude -- the shielding effect. Many…
We propose to use techniques from Bayesian inference and deep neural networks to translate uncertainty in seismic imaging to uncertainty in tasks performed on the image, such as horizon tracking. Seismic imaging is an ill-posed inverse…
Erosion, as a key control of landslide dynamics, significantly increases the destructive power by rapidly amplifying its volume, mobility and impact energy. Mobility is directly linked to the threat posed by an erosive landslide. No…
Proper knowledge of velocity is required in accurately determining enormous destructive energy of a landslide. We present the first physics-based general analytical landslide velocity model that incorporates internal deformation and…
Dynamically triggered earthquakes and tremor generate two classes of weak seismic signals whose detection, identification, and authentication traditionally call for laborious analyses. Machine learning (ML) has grown in recent years to be a…
Understanding the physics of phase-separation between solid and fluid phases as a mixture mass moves down slope is a long-standing challenge. Here, we propose an extension of the two phase mass flow model (Pudasaini, 2012) by including a…
The performance evaluation of a potentially unstable slope involves two key components: the initiation of the slope failure and the post-failure runout. The Finite Element Method (FEM) excels at modeling the initiation of instability but…
Finite element method (FEM) modeling of the volumetric expansion phenomenon associated with the accumulation of irradiation was performed on rocks in a concrete for nuclear power plant. The FEM mesh of sandstone, tuff, and granite was…
In the study, we address the mathematical problem of proton migration in the Earth's mantle and suggest a prototype for exploring the Earth's interior to map the effects of superionic proton conduction. The problem can be mathematically…
We present a numerical simulation study of advective-diffusive scalar transport in three-dimensional high-contrast discontinuous permeability fields, generated with a truncated pluri-Gaussian geostatistical approach. A range of permeability…
NASA's InSight mission on Mars continues to record seismic data over 3 years after landing, and to date, over a thousand marsquakes have been identified. With only a single seismic station, the determination of the epicentral location is…
Despite the increasingly successful application of neural networks to many problems in the geosciences, their complex and nonlinear structure makes the interpretation of their predictions difficult, which limits model trust and does not…
To analyze non-stationary harmonic signals typically contained in geophysical observables is a quest that has seen continual advances in numerical techniques over the decades. In this paper, based on transient z-pole estimation (in Hankel…
The idea of using a deep autoencoder to encode seismic waveform features and then use them in different seismological applications is appealing. In this paper, we designed tests to evaluate this idea of using autoencoders as feature…