大气与海洋物理
A transition to renewable energy is needed to mitigate climate change. In Europe, this transition has been led by wind energy, which is one of the fastest growing energy sources. However, energy demand and production are sensitive to…
In contrast to prevailing knowledge, Ram\'irez Reyes and Yang (2021) showed that tropical cyclones (TCs) can form spontaneously without moisture-radiation and surface-flux feedbacks in a cloud-resolving model (CRM) simulation. Here we ask,…
Accurate short range weather forecasting has significant implications for various sectors. Machine learning based approaches, e.g., deep learning, have gained popularity in this domain where the existing numerical weather prediction (NWP)…
Downscaling is necessary to generate high-resolution observation data to validate the climate model forecast or monitor rainfall at the micro-regional level operationally. Dynamical and statistical downscaling models are often used to get…
Machine learning models have been employed to perform either physics-free data-driven or hybrid dynamical downscaling of climate data. Most of these implementations operate over relatively small downscaling factors because of the challenge…
While previous model sensitivity studies have mainly focused on discerning the soil moisture-precipitation feedback processes over the Indian region, the present study investigates the impact of soil moisture-temperature (SM-T) coupling on…
During the multiyear monitoring of particle fluxes and near-surface electric field (NSEF) on the Aragats research station, no runway relativistic electron avalanches have been observed in the January-February months. The large peaks and…
Cloud processes are the largest source of uncertainty in quantifying the global temperature response to carbon dioxide rise. Still, the role of precipitation efficiency (PE) -- surface rain per unit column -- integrated condensation -- is…
A major fraction of the atmospheric aerosols come from the ocean spray originated by the bursting of bubbles from breaking waves. A theoretical framework that incorporates the latest knowledge on film and jet droplets from bubble bursting…
Understanding extreme events and their probability is key for the study of climate change impacts, risk assessment, adaptation, and the protection of living beings. Forecasting the occurrence probability of extreme heatwaves is a primary…
The terrestrial water cycle links the soil and atmosphere moisture reservoirs through four fluxes: precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and atmospheric moisture convergence (net import of water vapor to balance runoff). Each of these…
While water lifting plays a recognized role in the global atmospheric power budget, estimates for this role in tropical cyclones vary from no effect to a major reduction in storm intensity. To better assess this impact, here we consider the…
We present a model for atmospheric absorption of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The initial motivation for this work is to predict this effect and correct it in Sounding Rocket (SR) experiments. In particular, the Full-sun Ultraviolet…
This paper describes the wide-field three-color observations of an expanded field of noctilucent clouds modulated by a one-dimensional gravity wave. Long wave crests were aligned by a small angle to the solar vertical in the sky. This made…
Emanuel's concept of maximum potential intensity (E-PI) estimates the maximum velocity of tropical cyclones from environmental parameters assuming thermal wind (gradient-wind and hydrostatic balances) and slantwise neutrality in the free…
Many regions across the globe broke their surface temperature records in recent years, further sparking concerns about the impending arrival of "tipping points" later in the 21st century. This study analyzes observed global surface…
Numerical simulation for climate modeling resolving all important scales is a computationally taxing process. Therefore, to circumvent this issue a low resolution simulation is performed, which is subsequently corrected for bias using…
We present a near-real-time global gridded daily CO$_2$ emissions dataset (GRACED) throughout 2021. GRACED provides gridded CO$_2$ emissions at a 0.1degree*0.1degree spatial resolution and 1-day temporal resolution from cement production…
Two drifting wave buoys were deployed in the central Arctic Ocean, north of the Laptev Sea, where there are historically no wave observations available. An experimental wave buoy was deployed alongside a commercial buoy. The inter-buoy…
Marine cloud brightening (MCB) is a proposed climate intervention technology to partially offset greenhouse gas warming and possibly avoid crossing climate tipping points. The impacts of MCB on regional climate are typically estimated using…