大气与海洋物理

A dynamic equation for a large scale convective event in the tropical atmosphere similar to the Madden--Julian Oscillation (MJO) is suggested based on the meridional vorticity equation with buoyancy parametrized by Convective Available…

We have constructed a Bayesian neural network able of retrieving tropospheric temperature profiles from rotational Raman-scatter measurements of nitrogen and oxygen and applied it to measurements taken by the RAman Lidar for Meteorological…

The diversity of El Ni\~no events is commonly described by two distinct flavors, the Eastern Pacific (EP) and Central Pacific (CP) types. While the remote impacts, i.e. teleconnections, of EP and CP events have been studied for different…

Soil moisture-precipitation (SM-PPT) feedbacks at the mesoscale represent a major challenge for numerical weather prediction, especially for subtropical regions that exhibit large variability in surface SM. How does surface heterogeneity,…

This work presents a systematic framework for improving the predictions of statistical quantities for turbulent systems, with a focus on correcting climate simulations obtained by coarse-scale models. While high resolution simulations or…

Studies agree on a significant global mean sea level rise in the 20th century and its recent 21st century acceleration in the satellite record. At regional scale, the evolution of sea level probability distributions is often assumed to be…

Stratocumulus clouds cover about a fifth of Earths surface, and due to their albedo and low-latitude location, they have a strong effect on Earths radiation budget. Previous studies using Large Eddy Simulations have shown that multiple…

Condensation in cumulus clouds plays a key role in structuring the mean, non-precipitating trade-wind boundary layer. Here, we summarise how this role also explains the spontaneous growth of mesoscale ($>O(10)$ km) fluctuations in clouds…

Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) stands at the center of understanding of atmospheric surface-layer turbulence. Based on the hypothesis that a single length scale determined by surface fluxes governs the turbulent exchange of…

An information-theoretic framework is developed to assess the predictability of ENSO complexity, which is a central problem in contemporary meteorology with large societal impacts. The information theory advances a unique way to quantify…

During the era of global warming and highly urbanized development, extreme and high impact weather as well as air pollution incidents influence everyday life and might even cause the incalculable loss of life and property. Although with the…

We study the diffusion of ocean waves by ice bodies much smaller than a wavelength, such as pancakes and small ice floes. We argue that inhomogeneities in the ice cover at scales comparable to that of the wavelength significantly increase…

Radial velocity estimates provided by Doppler weather radar are critical measurements used by operational forecasters for the detection and monitoring of life-impacting storms. The sampling methods used to produce these measurements are…

Atmospheric simulations for urban cities can be computationally intensive because of the need for high spatial resolution, such as a few meters, to accurately represent buildings and streets. Deep learning has recently gained attention…

This study investigates the hourly concentrations of Ground-level Ozone (O3), Nitric Oxide (NO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) in ambient air, along with the various meteorological parameters viz., ambient…

We extracted ~2.8M nearly cloud-free 144x144 km^2 cutout images from the 2012-2020 Level-2 VIIRS Sea Surface Temperature (SST) dataset to quantitatively compare with MIT ocean general circulation model outputs, specifically the one year…

Eddy-freshwater interaction is studied in the north Bay of Bengal (BoB) with a high-resolution simulation using the Regional Ocean Modeling System. Following observations, the model simulates the trapping and homogenization of river water…

For over 40 years, remote sensing observations of the Earth's oceans have yielded global measurements of sea surface temperature (SST). With a resolution of approximately 1km, these data trace physical processes like western boundary…

A deterministic excitation (DE) paradigm is formulated, according to which the late Pleistocene glacial terminations correspond to the excitation, by the orbital forcing, of nonlinear relaxation oscillations (ROs) internal to the climate…

Analysis of satellite altimetry and Argo float data leads Ni et al. (2020, JGR Oceans) to argue that mesoscale dipoles are widespread features of the global ocean having a relatively uniform three-dimensional structure that can lead to…