大气与海洋物理
A reliable tropical cyclone (TC) climatology is the key to assessing historical and future changes in TC activities. While global TC records have been systematically maintained since the early 1940s, substantial uncertainties remain for the…
Climate models indicate a possible collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) even for moderate climate change scenarios. There is considerable uncertainty in its likelihood for a given scenario and the critical…
Due to climate change, heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense, with western Europe experiencing the strongest trends in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes. Part of the temperature trends are caused by circulation changes, which…
It is well known that the Coriolis force due to Earth's rotation can induce wind veer in the mean flow velocity of an atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), but much less is known about its effects on turbulent coherent structures. In this work,…
Coastal communities face significant risk from storm-induced coastal flooding, which causes substantial societal and economic losses worldwide. Machine learning techniques have increasingly been integrated into coastal hazard modeling,…
Various regions in the Northern Hemispheric midlatitudes have seen pronounced trends in upper-atmosphere summer circulation and surface temperature extremes over recent decades (since 1979). Several of these regional trends lie outside the…
As climate change drives increased frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation and flooding worldwide, posing escalating threats to public safety and economic assets, accurate and real-time satellite-based precipitation estimation is…
This study investigates climate change impacts on Moroccan Atlantic coastal upwelling (21$^{\circ}$--35$^{\circ}$N), analyzing interrelationships among the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Coastal Upwelling Index (CUI), and Sea Surface…
We introduce WaveSim, a multi-scale similarity metric for the evaluation of spatial fields in weather and climate applications. WaveSim exploits wavelet transforms to decompose input fields into scale-specific wavelet coefficients. The…
Spatiotemporal variations in thunderstorm occurrence frequency are considered here using an environmental dataset derived from ERA5 reanalysis data. Interannual variability in the thunderstorm environments is examined for the period…
The formation and intensification of a tropical cyclone is a complex phenomenon involving several feedback interactions between momentum and energetics of the storm, and across multiple spatio-temporal scales. Background vorticity…
Machine learning (ML) offers a computationally efficient approach for generating large ensembles of high-resolution climate projections, but deterministic ML methods often smooth fine-scale structures and underestimate extremes. While…
Correctly forecasting the timing and location of changes in winter precipitation type could help decision makers mitigate the worst impacts of winter storms. Multiple precipitation type algorithms have been developed from both physical and…
System identification method (SIM) was used to evaluate the Earth equilibrium climate sensitivity. According to our simulations, the equilibrium climate sensitivity was found to be between 2 deg C and 7 deg C. Analysis of the changes in…
The bulk circulation associated with convective clouds includes not only a region of updraft and cloudy air but also a region of compensating descent and cloud-free air and horizontal motions coupling these regions. The Kinematic…
As climate change continues to reshape marginal ice zones in the Arctic, accurate and reliable sea ice data are critical for ensuring maritime safety. This study compares regional ice charts from the Alaska Sea Ice Program with satellite…
This study employs a neural network that represents the solution to a Schr\"odinger bridge problem to perform super-resolution of 2-m temperature in an urban area. Schr\"odinger bridges generally describe transformations between two data…
High performance computing (HPC) architectures have undergone rapid development in recent years. As a result, established software suites face an ever increasing challenge to remain performant on and portable across modern systems. Many of…
In Earth System Modeling (ESM), meshes of different models usually do not match, requiring data mapping algorithms implemented in coupling software. Valcke et al. recently introduced a benchmark to evaluate such algorithms and compared…
Meteotsunamis, locally known as rissaga in the Balearic Islands, are significant sea-level oscillations induced by atmospheric disturbances, with amplitudes and frequencies comparable to seismic tsunamis. The port of Ciutadella (Menorca),…