大气与海洋物理
The Sun becomes brighter with time, but Earth's climate is roughly temperate for life during its long-term history; for early Earth, this is known as the Faint Young Sun Problem (FYSP). Besides the carbonate-silicate feedback, recent…
The frequency and magnitude of weather extreme events have increased significantly during the past few years in response to anthropogenic climate change. However, global statistical characteristics and underlying physical mechanisms are…
We present a survey of more than half a thousand thunderstorm ground enhancements, fluxes of electrons, and gamma rays associated with thunderstorms registered from 2008 to 2022 at Aragats space environmental center. We analyze correlations…
Deep learning can accurately represent sub-grid-scale convective processes in climate models, learning from high resolution simulations. However, deep learning methods usually lack interpretability due to large internal dimensionality,…
This paper aims to better understand why there was a global warming pause in 2000-2015 and why the global mean surface temperature (GMST) has risen again in recent years. We present and statistically analyze substantial time-series observed…
We introduce ClimateMachine, a new open-source atmosphere modeling framework using the Julia language to be performance portable on central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs). ClimateMachine uses a common framework…
Increasing the resolution of a model can improve the performance of a data assimilation system: first because model field are in better agreement with high resolution observations, then the corrections are better sustained and, with…
Hail risk assessment is necessary to estimate and reduce damage to crops, orchards, and infrastructure. Also, it helps to estimate and reduce consequent losses for businesses and, particularly, insurance companies. But hail forecasting is…
Some existing approaches to modeling the thermodynamics of moist air make approximations that break $\textit{thermodynamic consistency}$, such that the resulting thermodynamics do not obey the 1st and 2nd laws or have other inconsistencies.…
The Planetary Boundary for Climate Change has been surpassed, and humanity must therefore decide on a pathway back to the safe operating space below the Planetary boundaries to minimise the risk of deleterious or even catastrophic…
A dataset of sea surface temperature (SST) estimates is generated from the temperature observations of surface drifting buoys of NOAA's Global Drifter Program. Estimates of SST at regular hourly time steps along drifter trajectories are…
There are a lot of oscillatory motions of various kinds in the atmosphere, for example, internal gravity waves (IGW), which have a period less than the time of flight of the radiosonde. Oscillatory motions lead to adiabatic cooling during…
Atmospheric pollution remains one of the major public health threat worldwide with an estimated 7 millions deaths annually. In Africa, rapid urbanization and poor transport infrastructure are worsening the problem. In this paper, we have…
Chemical transport models (CTMs) have been widely used to provide instructions for the control of ozone (O3) pollution. However, we find large discrepancies between observation- and model-based urban O3 chemical regimes: volatile organic…
The Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) is a system of surface and deep currents encompassing all ocean basins, crucial to the Earth's climate. Detecting potential climatic changes in the MOC first requires a careful characterisation…
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports indicate that the global mean temperature is about one-degree Celsius higher than pre-industrial levels, that this increase is anthropogenic, and that there is a causal relationship…
The present study explores the capabilities of advanced machine learning algorithms in predicting the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$ in the open oceans of the Bay of Bengal (BoB). We collect the available observations (outside EEZ) from the cruise…
Representation learning has proven to be a powerful methodology in a wide variety of machine learning applications. For atmospheric dynamics, however, it has so far not been considered, arguably due to the lack of large-scale, labeled…
The economic impacts of climate change are highly uncertain. Two of the most important uncertainties are the sensitivity of the climate system and the so-called damage functions, which relate climate change to economic damages and benefits.…
Air pollutants have long been known to cause major health problems across humans and all living organisms. Apart from that, they also play a crucial role in temperature inversion situations in the atmospheric layers thereby seriously…