历史与综述
Exploiting Markoff's Theory for rational approximations of real numbers, we explicitly link how hard it is to approximate a given number to an idealized notion of growth capacity for plants which we express as a modular invariant function…
The article attempts to demonstrate the rich history of one truly remarkable problem situated at the confluence of probability theory and theory of numbers - finding the probability of co-primality of two randomly selected natural numbers.…
General acceptance of a mathematical proposition $P$ as a theorem requires convincing evidence that a proof of $P$ exists. But what constitutes "convincing evidence?" I will argue that, given the types of evidence that are currently…
Emeritus Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. Walter Benz passed away on 13 January 2017.
Mensuration with quadrilaterals had received attention in the Siddh\=anta tradition at least since Brahmagupta. However, in Bh\=askarac\=arya's L\={\i}l\=avat\={\i} we come across some distinctively new features. In this paper an attempt is…
The first part of this article intends to present the role played by Thom in diffusing Smale's ideas about immersion theory, at a time (1957) where some famous mathematicians were doubtful about them: it is clearly impossible to make the…
The Su{\`a}n Sh{\`u} Sh{\=u} contains 301 instances of regular expressions for fractions. They can be "mono-dimensional" (formed with one integer name only) for unit fractions, "bidimensional" (with two integer names) for both unit and…
Not only a review of Weintraub's Differential Forms: Theory and Practice but also a discussion of why differential forms should be taught to undergraduates and an overview of some of the other possible texts that could be used.
We discuss the understanding of geometry of the circle in ancient India, in terms of enunciation of various principles, constructions, applications etc. during various phases of history and cultural contexts.
We present a variety of prime-generating constructions that are based on sums of primes. The constructions come in all shapes and sizes, varying in the number of dimensions and number of generated primes. Our best result is a construction…
This article is intended as a kind of precursor to the document Geometry for Post-primary School Mathematics, part of the Mathematics Syllabus for Junior Certicate issued by the Irish National Council for Curriculum and Assessment in the…
A pilot survey was sent to chairs of 14 doctoral math departments asking for three types of data: (1) category on job-placements for research post-docs leaving their department in three recent years; (2) category of jobs from which their…
We provide an explicit geometric algorithm involving only ruler and compass constructions in order to specify the specular reflection point on the surface of a reflecting sphere of radius $r$ given two focal points $A$ and $B$ lying outside…
The aim of this work is to use Napoleon's Theorem in different regular polygons, and decide whether we can prove Napoleon's Theorem is only limited with triangles or it could be done in other regular polygons that can create regular…
The Monthly has published roughly fifty papers on the $\Gamma$ function or Stirling's formula. We survey those papers (discussing only our favourites in any detail) and place them in the context of the larger mathematical literature on…
In this article, we present a geometrical proof of sum of $\cos n\varphi$ where $n$ goes from $1$ up to $m$. Although there exist some summation forms and the proofs are simple, they use complex numbers. Our proof comes from a geometrical…
Weyl's original scale geometry of 1918 ("purely infinitesimal geometry") was withdrawn by its author from physical theorizing in the early 1920s. It had a comeback in the last third of the 20th century in different contexts: scalar tensor…
We examine Paul Halmos' comments on category theory, Dedekind cuts, devil worship, logic, and Robinson's infinitesimals. Halmos' scepticism about category theory derives from his philosophical position of naive set-theoretic realism. In the…
Small oscillations evolved a great deal from Klein to Robinson. We propose a concept of solution of differential equation based on Euler's method with infinitesimal mesh, with well-posedness based on a relation of adequality following…
Foundations of Science recently published a rebuttal to a portion of our essay it published two years ago. The author, G. Schubring, argues that our 2013 text treated unfairly his 2005 book, Conflicts between generalization, rigor, and…