天体物理仪器与方法

MagAO-X is the coronagraphic extreme adaptive optics system for the 6.5 m Magellan Clay Telescope. We report the results of commissioning the first phase of MagAO-X. Components now available for routine observations include: the >2 kHz…

Focal plane wavefront sensing techniques are generally limited to using imaging systems that have below 1% spectral bandwidths, due to the radial smearing of speckles from chromatic diffraction that causes optical image magnification over…

The paper presents a new statistical method that enables the use of systematic errors in the maximum-likelihood regression of integer-count Poisson data to a parametric model. The method is primarily aimed at the characterization of the…

X-ray observations play a crucial role in time-domain astronomy. The Einstein Probe (EP), a recently launched X-ray astronomical satellite, emerges as a forefront player in the field of time-domain astronomy and high-energy astrophysics.…

We performed closed-loop lab testing of large-format deformable mirrors (DMs) with hybrid variable reluctance actuators. TNO has been developing the hybrid variable reluctance actuators in support for a new generation of adaptive secondary…

The direct imaging and characterization of exoplanets requires extreme adaptive optics (XAO), achieving exquisite wavefront correction (upwards of 90$\%$ Strehl) over a narrow field of view (a few arcseconds). For these XAO systems the…

The pulsar timing array community has recently reported the first evidence of a low-frequency stochastic gravitational wave background. With longer observational timespans we expect to be able to resolve individual gravitational wave…

The measurement of pulsar pulse times-of-arrival (ToAs) is a crucial step in detecting low-frequency gravitational waves. To determine ToAs, we can use template-matching to compare each observed pulse profile with a standard template.…

Gamma-ray astrophysics in the MeV band is an exciting field in astronomy due to its potential for multi-messenger astrophysics. It has, however, remained under-explored when compared to other wavelengths. One reason for this observational…

The Pyramid Wavefront Sensor (PyWFS) is highly nonlinear and requires the use of beam modulation to successfully close an AO loop under varying atmospheric turbulence conditions, at the expense of a loss in sensitivity. In this work we…

The Archives of Photographic PLates for Astronomical USE (APPLAUSE) project is aimed at digitising astronomical photographic plates from three major German plate collections, making them accessible through integration into the International…

We describe a scalable distributed imaging algorithm framework for next-generation radio telescopes, managing the Fourier transform from apertures to sky (or vice versa) with a focus on minimising memory load, data transfers, and…

The Large Binocular Telescope, with its expansive collecting area, angular resolving power, and advanced optical design, provides a robust platform for development and operation of advanced instrumentation for astronomical research. The LBT…

In recent decades, astronomy and astrophysics have experienced several fundamental changes. On one hand, there has been a significant increase in the observation of transient phenomena, which are short-lived events such as supernova…

The Mid-infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph (METIS) is one of the first-generation scientific instruments for the ELT, built under the supervision of ESO by a consortium of research institutes across and beyond Europe. Designed to cover…

The goal of the PolarKID project is testing a new method for the measurement of polarized sources, in order to identify all the possible instrumental systematic effects that could impact the detection of CMB B-modes of polarization. It…

For the past 20 years, our approach to shock capturing in smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) has been to use artificial viscosity and conductivity terms supplemented by switches to control excess dissipation away from shocks (Monaghan…

The Super-pressure Balloon-borne Imaging Telescope (SuperBIT) is a near-diffraction-limited 0.5m telescope that launched via NASA's super-pressure balloon technology on April 16, 2023. SuperBIT achieved precise pointing control through the…

The upcoming second release of PBJam -- a software instrument for fitting normal modes ("peakbagging") -- supplements the simple power-spectrum model used in the first version to additionally constrain other features. Dipole ($\ell = 1$)…

Due to the high dimensionality or multimodality that is common in modern astronomy, sampling Bayesian posteriors can be challenging. Several publicly available codes based on different sampling algorithms can solve these complex models, but…