欧洲脉冲星计时阵列第二次数据发布: IV. 对超大质量黑洞、暗物质和早期宇宙的启示
宇宙学与河外天体物理
2024-05-17 v2 星系天体物理
广义相对论与量子宇宙学
摘要
欧洲脉冲星计时阵列(EPTA)和印度脉冲星计时阵列(InPTA)合作分别在其第二次和第一次数据发布的组合中测量到了一个低频公共信号,具有引力波背景(GWB)的相关特性。此类信号可能源于若干物理过程,包括宇宙尺度的旋进超大质量黑洞双星(SMBHB)种群;暴胀、相变、宇宙弦以及早期宇宙中标量扰动非线性演化产生的张量模;在超轻暗物质(ULDM)存在下银河系势的振荡。在证据初现的阶段,无法区分不同起源。因此,在本文中我们分别考虑每种过程,并在信号由该特定过程产生的假设下研究其启示。我们发现该信号与宇宙尺度的旋进SMBHB种群一致,其相对较高的振幅可用于限制双星合并时标和SMBH-宿主星系标度关系。若此起源被证实,这将是SMBHB在自然界中合并的首个直接证据,为结构形成与星系演化之谜增添重要的观测拼图。至于早期宇宙过程,该测量将对宇宙弦张力和一阶相变发展出的湍流水平施加严格限制。其他过程需要非标准情形,例如蓝倾暴胀谱或大波数处原初标量扰动谱的超出。最后,所探测信号的ULDM起源被排斥,这导致对银河系中ULDM丰度的直接限制。
引用
@article{arxiv.2306.16227,
title = {The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array: IV. Implications for massive black holes, dark matter and the early Universe},
author = {J. Antoniadis and P. Arumugam and S. Arumugam and P. Auclair and S. Babak and M. Bagchi and A. -S. Bak Nielsen and E. Barausse and C. G. Bassa and A. Bathula and A. Berthereau and M. Bonetti and E. Bortolas and P. R. Brook and M. Burgay and R. N. Caballero and C. Caprini and A. Chalumeau and D. J. Champion and S. Chanlaridis and S. Chen and I. Cognard and M. Crisostomi and S. Dandapat and D. Deb and S. Desai and G. Desvignes and N. Dhanda-Batra and C. Dwivedi and M. Falxa and F. Fastidio and R. D. Ferdman and A. Franchini and J. R. Gair and B. Goncharov and A. Gopakumar and E. Graikou and J. -M. Grießmeier and A. Gualandris and L. Guillemot and Y. J. Guo and Y. Gupta and S. Hisano and H. Hu and F. Iraci and D. Izquierdo-Villalba and J. Jang and J. Jawor and G. H. Janssen and A. Jessner and B. C. Joshi and F. Kareem and R. Karuppusamy and E. F. Keane and M. J. Keith and D. Kharbanda and T. Khizriev and T. Kikunaga and N. Kolhe and M. Kramer and M. A. Krishnakumar and K. Lackeos and K. J. Lee and K. Liu and Y. Liu and A. G. Lyne and J. W. McKee and Y. Maan and R. A. Main and M. B. Mickaliger and H. Middleton and A. Neronov and I. C. Nitu and K. Nobleson and A. K. Paladi and A. Parthasarathy and B. B. P. Perera and D. Perrodin and A. Petiteau and N. K. Porayko and A. Possenti and T. Prabu and K. Postnov and H. Quelquejay Leclere and P. Rana and A. Roper Pol and A. Samajdar and S. A. Sanidas and D. Semikoz and A. Sesana and G. Shaifullah and J. Singha and C. Smarra and L. Speri and R. Spiewak and A. Srivastava and B. W. Stappers and D. A. Steer and M. Surnis and S. C. Susarla and A. Susobhanan and K. Takahashi and P. Tarafdar and G. Theureau and C. Tiburzi and R. J. Truant and E. van der Wateren and S. Valtolina and A. Vecchio and V. Venkatraman Krishnan and J. P. W. Verbiest and J. Wang and L. Wang and Z. Wu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.16227},
year = {2024}
}
备注
30 pages, 23 figures, replaced to match the version published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, note the change in the numbering order in the series (now paper IV)