Kepler-19系统:一颗厚包层超级地球与两颗海王星质量伴星,利用径向速度和凌星时间变化表征
地球与行星天体物理
2017-05-03 v1 太阳与恒星天体物理
摘要
我们报告对Kepler-19系统的详细表征。这颗恒星先前已知拥有一颗周期为9.29天、半径为2.2 R、质量上限为20 M的凌星行星。第二颗非凌星行星的存在是从Kepler-19b在8个Kepler测光季度中的凌星时间变化(TTVs)推断出来的,尽管其质量和周期均无法确定。通过结合来自所有Kepler季度的新TTVs测量和用HARPS-N光谱仪获得的91个高精度径向速度,我们通过动力学模拟测得Kepler-19b的质量为 M。从相同数据出发,假设系统共面性,我们确定了Kepler-19c的轨道周期为28.7天、质量为 M,并发现了一颗在63天轨道上质量为 M 的类海王星行星。通过比较动力学模拟与非相互作用的开普勒轨道,我们得出结论:当数据集跨越数年时,忽略行星间相互作用可能导致系统误差,从而妨碍轨道参数的精度。Kepler-19b的密度为 g cm ( ),属于具有岩石核心和大量挥发性成分的行星群体,与仅由凌星时间变化表征的低密度行星以及数量不断增加的具有类地密度的岩石行星相反。Kepler-19加入了少数能够协调凌星时间变化与径向速度测量的系统之列。
引用
@article{arxiv.1703.06885,
title = {The Kepler-19 system: a thick-envelope super-Earth with two Neptune-mass companions characterized using Radial Velocities and Transit Timing Variations},
author = {Luca Malavolta and Luca Borsato and Valentina Granata and Giampaolo Piotto and Eric Lopez and Andrew Vanderburg and Pedro Figueira and Annelies Mortier and Valerio Nascimbeni and Laura Affer and Aldo S. Bonomo and Francois Bouchy and Lars A. Buchhave and David Charbonneau and Andrew Collier Cameron and Rosario Cosentino and Courtney D. Dressing and Xavier Dumusque and Aldo F. M. Fiorenzano and Avet Harutyunyan and Raphaëlle D. Haywood and John Asher Johnson and David W. Latham and Mercedes Lopez-Morales and Christophe Lovis and Michel Mayor and Giusi Micela and Emilio Molinari and Fatemeh Motalebi and Francesco Pepe and David F. Phillips and Don Pollacco and Didier Queloz and Ken Rice and Dimitar Sasselov and Damien Ségransan and Alessandro Sozzetti and Stéphane Udry and Chris Watson},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.06885},
year = {2017}
}
备注
Accepted by AJ, 15 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables. Mass-Radius diagram for Exoplanets and code available at https://github.com/LucaMalavolta and https://github.com/lucaborsato