普朗克早期结果. II. 普朗克的热性能
天体物理仪器与方法
2015-03-17 v2
摘要
普朗克仪器在太空中的性能得益于其低工作温度，LFI为20K，HFI为0.1K，这是通过被动辐射冷却和三个主动机械制冷机的组合实现的。对极宽频率覆盖范围的科学需求导致了两种探测器技术，它们具有截然不同的温度和冷却需求。主动制冷机可以满足这些需求；而像先前低温空间任务（IRAS、COBE、ISO、Spitzer、AKARI）所使用的氦低温恒温器则无法满足。辐射冷却由三个V形槽散热器和一个大型望远镜遮光罩提供。主动制冷机包括一个氢吸附制冷机（<20K）、一个4He焦耳-汤姆逊制冷机（4.7K）和一个3He-4He稀释制冷机（1.4K和0.1K）。飞行系统在发射时处于环境温度，并在太空中冷却至工作状态。HFI测辐射热计板于2009年7月3日（发射后50天）达到93mK。太阳能电池板始终面向太阳，为普朗克的其他部分提供阴影，其平均工作温度为384K。在航天器的另一端，望远镜遮光罩的工作温度为42.3K，望远镜主镜的工作温度为35.9K。仪器关键部件的温度通过主动和被动方法进行稳定。温度波动由与太阳距离的变化、吸附制冷机循环及气液流动的波动，以及稀释板和测辐射热计板上宇宙射线通量的波动引起。这些波动不会影响科学数据。
引用
@article{arxiv.1101.2023,
title = {Planck Early Results. II. The thermal performance of Planck},
author = {Planck Collaboration and P. A. R. Ade and N. Aghanim and M. Arnaud and M. Ashdown and J. Aumont and C. Baccigalupi and M. Baker and A. Balbi and A. J. Banday and R. B. Barreiro and E. Battaner and K. Benabed and A. Benoit and J. P. Bernard and M. Bersanelli and P. Bhandari and R. Bhatia and J. J. Bock and A. Bonaldi and J. R. Bond and J. Borders and J. Borrill and F. R. Bouchet and B. Bowman and T. Bradshaw and E. Breelle and M. Bucher and C. Burigana and R. C. Butler and P. Cabella and P. Camus and C. M. Cantalupo and B. Cappellini and J. F. Cardoso and A. Catalano and L. Cayon and A. Challinor and A. Chamballu and J. P. Chambelland and J. Charra and M. Charra and L. Y Chiang and C. Chiang and P. R. Christensen and D. L. Clements and B. Collaudin and S. Colombi and F. Couchot and A. Coulais and B. P. Crill and M. Crook and F. Cuttaia and C. Damasio and L. Danese and R. D. Davies and R. J. Davis and P. de Bernardis and G. de Gasperis and A. de Rosa and J. Delabrouille and J. M. Delouis and F. -X. Desert and U. Doerl and K. Dolag and S. Donzelli and O. Dore and M. Douspis and X. Dupac and G. Efstathiou and T. A. Enslin and H. K. Eriksen and F. Finelli and S. Foley and O. Forni and P. Fosalba and J. J. Fourmond and M. Frailis and E. Franceschi and S. Galeotta and K. Ganga and E. Gavila and M. Giard and G. Giardino and Y. Giraud-Heraud and J. Gonzalez-Nuevo and K. M. Gorski and S. Gratton and A. Gregorio and A. Gruppuso and G. Guyot and D. Harrison and G. Helou and S. Henrot-Versille and C. Hernandez-Monteagudo and D. Herranz and S. R. Hildebrandt and E. Hivon and M. Hobson and W. A. Holmes and A. Hornstrup and W. Hovest and R. J. Hoyland and K. M. Huffenberger and U. Israelsson and A. H. Jaffe and W. C. Jones and M. Juvela and E. Keihanen and R. Keskitalo and T. S. Kisner and R. Kneissl and L. Knox and H. Kurki-Suonio and G. Lagache and J. M. Lamarre and P. Lami and A. Lasenby and R. J. Laureijs and C. R. Lawrence and S. Leach and R. Leonardi and C. Leroy and P. B. Lilje and M. Lopez-Caniego and P. M. Lubin and J. F. Macias-Perez and T. Maciaszek and C. J. MacTavish and B. Maffei and D. Maino and N. Mandolesi and R. Mann and M. Maris and E. Martinez-Gonzalez and S. Masi and S. Matarrese and F. Matthai and P. Mazzotta and P. McGehee and P. R. Meinhold and A. Melchiorri and F. Melot and L. Mendes and A. Mennella and M. -A. Miville-Deschenes and A. Moneti and L. Montier and J. Mora and G. Morgante and N. Morisset and D. Mortlock and D. Munshi and A. Murphy and P. Naselsky and A. Nash and P. Natoli and C. B. Netterfield and D. Novikov and I. Novikov and I. J. O'Dwyer and S. Osborne and F. Pajot and F. Pasian and G. Patanchon and D. Pearson and O. Perdereau and L. Perotto and F. Perrotta and F. Piacentini and M. Piat and S. Plaszczynski and P. Platania and E. Pointecouteau and G. Polenta and N. Ponthieu and T. Poutanen and G. Prezeau and M. Prina and S. Prunet and J. L. Puget and J. P. Rachen and R. Rebolo and M. Reinecke and C. Renault and S. Ricciardi and T. Riller and I. Ristorcelli and G. Rocha and C. Rosset and J. A. Rubiino-Martin and B. Rusholme and M. Sandri and D. Santos and B. M. Schaefer and D. Scott and M. D. Seiffert and P. Shellard and G. F. Smoot and J. -L. Starck and P. Stassi and F. Stivoli and V. Stolyarov and R. Stompor and R. Sudiwala and J. -F. Sygnet and J. A. Tauber and L. Terenzi and L. Toffolatti and M. Tomasi and J. -P. Torre and M. Tristram and J. Tuovinen and L. Valenziano and L. Vibert and P. Vielva and F. Villa and N. Vittorio and L. A. Wade and B. D. Wandelt and C. Watson and S. D. M. White and A. Wilkinson and P. Wilson and D. Yvon and A. Zacchei and B. Zhang and A. Zonca},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1101.2023},
year = {2015}
}
备注
Accepted by A&A. Also available at http://www.rssd.esa.int