English

Circular sorting, strong complete mappings and wreath product constructions

Combinatorics 2025-11-04 v2

Abstract

We continue the study of Adin, Alon and Roichman [arXiv:2502.14398, 2025] on the number of steps required to sort nn labelled points on a circle by transpositions. Imagine that the vertices of a cycle of length nn are labelled by the elements 1,,n1,\dots,n. We are allowed to change this labelling by swapping the labels of any two vertices on the cycle. How many swaps are needed to obtain a labelling that has the elements 1,,n1,\dots,n in clockwise order? We provide evidence for their conjecture that at most n3n-3 transpositions are needed to sort a circular permutation when nn is not prime. We prove this conjecture when 2n2\mid n or 3n3\mid n and when restricting to permutations given by a polynomial over Zn\mathbb{Z}_n. We also provide various algebraic constructions of circular permutations that take many transpositions to sort, most notably providing one that matches our upper bound when n=3pn=3p for pp an odd prime, and disproving their second conjecture by providing non-affine circular permutations that require n2n-2 transpositions (for nn prime). We also improve the lower bounds for some sequences of composite numbers. Finally, we improve the bounds for small nn computationally. In particular, we prove a tight upper bound for n=25n=25 via an exhaustive computer search using a new connection between this problem and strong complete mappings.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.18529,
  title  = {Circular sorting, strong complete mappings and wreath product constructions},
  author = {Paul Bastide and Anurag Bishnoi and Carla Groenland and Dion Gijswijt and Rohinee Joshi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.18529},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

25 pages including references and appendices

R2 v1 2026-07-01T06:57:40.661Z