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In the construction of High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) and Future Circular Collider (FCC) experiments, 3D pixel sensors have become indispensable components due to their superior radiation hardness, fast response, and low…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-14 Huimin Ji , Zhihua Li , Wenzheng Cheng , Zheng Li , Kai Huang , Jing Wen , Song Liu , Manwen Liu , Jun Luo

A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase~I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-06-02 M. Dragicevic , M. Friedl , J. Hrubec , H. Steininger , A. Gädda , J. Härkönen , T. Lampén , P. Luukka , T. Peltola , E. Tuominen , E. Tuovinen , A. Winkler , P. Eerola , T. Tuuva , G. Baulieu , G. Boudoul , L. Caponetto , C. Combaret , D. Contardo , T. Dupasquier , G. Gallbit , N. Lumb , L. Mirabito , S. Perries , M. Vander Donckt , S. Viret , C. Bonnin , L. Charles , L. Gross , J. Hosselet , D. Tromson , L. Feld , W. Karpinski , K. Klein , M. Lipinski , G. Pierschel , M. Preuten , M. Rauch , M. Wlochal , M. Aldaya , C. Asawatangtrakuldee , K. Beernaert , D. Bertsche , C. Contreras-Campana , G. Eckerlin , D. Eckstein , T. Eichhorn , E. Gallo , J. Garay Garcia , K. Hansen , M. Haranko , A. Harb , J. Hauk , J. Keaveney , A. Kalogeropoulos , C. Kleinwort , W. Lohmann , R. Mankel , H. Maser , G. Mittag , C. Muhl , A. Mussgiller , D. Pitzl , O. Reichelt , M. Savitskyi , P. Schütze , V. Sola , S. Spannagel , R. Walsh , A. Zuber , H. Biskop , P. Buhmann , M. Centis-Vignali , E. Garutti , J. Haller , M. Hoffmann , R. Klanner , T. Lapsien , M. Matysek , A. Perieanu , Ch. Scharf , P. Schleper , A. Schmidt , J. Schwandt , J. Sonneveld , G. Steinbrück , B. Vormwald , J. Wellhausen , M. Abbas , C. Amstutz , T. Barvich , Ch. Barth , F. Boegelspacher , W. De Boer , E. Butz , M. Casele , F. Colombo , A. Dierlamm , B. Freund , F. Hartmann , S. Heindl , U. Husemann , A. Kornmeyer , S. Kudella , Th. Muller , H. J. Simonis , P. Steck , M. Weber , Th. Weiler , T. Kiss , F. Siklér , T. Tölyhi , V. Veszprémi , P. Cariola , D. Creanza , M. De Palma , G. De Robertis , L. Fiore , M. Franco , F. Loddo , G. Sala , L. Silvestris , G. Maggi , S. My , G. Selvaggi , S. Albergo , G. Cappello , S. Costa , A. Di Mattia , F. Giordano , R. Potenza , M. A. Saizu , A. Tricomi , C. Tuve , E. Focardi , M. E. Dinardo , S. Fiorendi , S. Gennai , S. Malvezzi , R. A. Manzoni , D. Menasce , L. Moroni , D. Pedrini , P. Azzi , N. Bacchetta , D. Bisello , M. Dall'Osso , N. Pozzobon , M. Tosi , L. Alunni Solestizi , M. Biasini , G. M. Bilei , C. Cecchi , B. Checcucci , D. Ciangottini , L. Fanò , C. Gentsos , M. Ionica , R. Leonardi , E. Manoni , G. Mantovani , S. Marconi , V. Mariani , M. Menichelli , A. Modak , A. Morozzi , F. Moscatelli , D. Passeri , P. Placidi , V. Postolache , A. Rossi , A. Saha , A. Santocchia , L. Storchi , D. Spiga , K. Androsov , P. Azzurri , G. Bagliesi , A. Basti , T. Boccali , L. Borrello , F. Bosi , R. Castaldi , M. Ceccanti , M. A. Ciocci , R. Dell'Orso , S. Donato , G. Fedi , A. Giassi , M. T. Grippo , F. Ligabue , G. Magazzu , P. Mammini , F. Mariani , E. Mazzoni , A. Messineo , A. Moggi , F. Morsani , F. Palla , F. Palmonari , A. Profeti , F. Raffaelli , A. Ragonesi , A. Rizzi , A. Soldani , P. Spagnolo , R. Tenchini , G. Tonelli , A. Venturi , P. G. Verdini , D. Abbaneo , I. Ahmed , E. Albert , G. Auzinger , G. Berruti , J. Bonnaud , J. Daguin , A. D'Auria , S. Detraz , O. Dondelewski , B. Engegaard , F. Faccio , N. Frank , K. Gill , A. Honma , A. Kornmayer , A. Labaza , F. Manolescu , I. McGill , S. Mersi , S. Michelis , A. Onnela , M. Ostrega , S. Pavis , A. Peisert , J. -F. Pernot , P. Petagna , H. Postema , K. Rapacz , C. Sigaud , P. Tropea , J. Troska , A. Tsirou , F. Vasey , B. Verlaat , P. Vichoudis , L. Zwalinski , F. Bachmair , R. Becker , D. di Calafiori , B. Casal , P. Berger , L. Djambazov , M. Donega , C. Grab , D. Hits , J. Hoss , G. Kasieczka , W. Lustermann , B. Mangano , M. Marionneau , P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol , M. Masciovecchio , M. Meinhard , L. Perozzi , U. Roeser , A. Starodumov , V. Tavolaro , R. Wallny , D. Zhu , K. Bösiger , L. Caminada , F. Canelli , V. Chiochia , A. de Cosa , C. Galloni , T. Hreus , B. Kilminster , C. Lange , R. Maier , J. Ngadiuba , D. Pinna , P. Robmann , S. Taroni , Y. Yang , W. Bertl , K. Deiters , W. Erdmann , R. Horisberger , H. -C. Kaestli , D. Kotlinski , U. Langenegger , B. Meier , T. Rohe , S. Streuli , P. -H. Chen , C. Dietz , F. Fiori , U. Grundler , W. -S. Hou , R. -S. Lu , M. Moya , J. -F. Tsai , Y. M. Tzeng , D. Cussans , J. Goldstein , M. Grimes , D. Newbold , P. Hobson , I. D. Reid , G. Auzinger , R. Bainbridge , P. Dauncey , G. Hall , T. James , A. -M. Magnan , M. Pesaresi , D. M. Raymond , K. Uchida , T. Durkin , K. Harder , C. Shepherd-Themistocleous , M. Chertok , J. Conway , R. Conway , C. Flores , R. Lander , D. Pellett , F. Ricci-Tam , M. Squires , J. Thomson , R. Yohay , K. Burt , J. Ellison , G. Hanson , M. Olmedo , W. Si , B. R. Yates , A. Dominguez , R. Bartek , B. Bentele , J. P. Cumalat , W. T. Ford , F. Jensen , A. Johnson , M. Krohn , S. Leontsinis , T. Mulholland , K. Stenson , S. R. Wagner , A. Apresyan , G. Bolla , K. Burkett , J. N. Butler , A. Canepa , H. W. K. Cheung , D. Christian , W. E. Cooper , G. Deptuch , G. Derylo , C. Gingu , S. Grünendahl , S. Hasegawa , J. Hoff , J. Howell , M. Hrycyk , S. Jindariani , M. Johnson , F. Kahlid , S. Kwan , C. M. Lei , R. Lipton , R. Lopes De Sá , T. Liu , S. Los , M. Matulik , P. Merkel , S. Nahn , A. Prosser , R. Rivera , B. Schneider , G. Sellberg , A. Shenai , K. Siehl , L. Spiegel , N. Tran , L. Uplegger , E. Voirin , D. R. Berry , X. Chen , L. Ennesser , A. Evdokimov , C. E. Gerber , S. Makauda , C. Mills , I. D. Sandoval Gonzalez , J. Alimena , L. J. Antonelli , B. Francis , A. Hart , C. S. Hill , N. Parashar , J. Stupak , D. Bortoletto , M. Bubna , N. Hinton , M. Jones , D. H. Miller , X. Shi , P. Baringer , A. Bean , S. Khalil , A. Kropivnitskaya , D. Majumder , E. Schmitz , G. Wilson , A. Ivanov , R. Mendis , T. Mitchell , N. Skhirtladze , R. Taylor , I. Anderson , D. Fehling , A. Gritsan , P. Maksimovic , C. Martin , K. Nash , M. Osherson , M. Swartz , M. Xiao , J. G. Acosta , L. M. Cremaldi , S. Oliveros , L. Perera , D. Summers , K. Bloom , D. R. Claes , C. Fangmeier , R. Gonzalez Suarez , J. Monroy , J. Siado , E. Bartz , Y. Gershtein , E. Halkiadakis , S. Kyriacou , A. Lath , K. Nash , M. Osherson , S. Schnetzer , R. Stone , M. Walker , S. Malik , S. Norberg , J. E. Ramirez Vargas , M. Alyari , J. Dolen , A. Godshalk , C. Harrington , I. Iashvili , A. Kharchilava , D. Nguyen , A. Parker , S. Rappoccio , B. Roozbahani , J. Alexander , J. Chaves , J. Chu , S. Dittmer , K. McDermott , N. Mirman , A. Rinkevicius , A. Ryd , E. Salvati , L. Skinnari , L. Soffi , Z. Tao , J. Thom , J. Tucker , M. Zientek , B. Akgün , K. M. Ecklund , M. Kilpatrick , T. Nussbaum , J. Zabel , P. D'Angelo , W. Johns , K. Rose

The performance of pixel modules built from 75 micrometer thin silicon sensors and ATLAS read-out chips employing the Solid Liquid InterDiffusion (SLID) interconnection technology is presented. This technology, developed by the Fraunhofer…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-07-30 L. Andricek , M. Beimforde , A. Macchiolo , H-G. Moser , R. Nisius , R. H. Richter , S. Terzo , P. Weigell

For the ATLAS Pixel Detector fast readout electronics has been successfully developed and tested. Main attention was given to the ability to detect small charges in the order of 5,000 electrons within 25 ns in the harsh radiation…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-11-26 Fabian Huegging

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are the state-of-the-art technology in single-photon detection with solid-state detectors. Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs), the key element of SiPMs, can now be manufactured in CMOS processes,…

The H2M (Hybrid-to-Monolithic) is a monolithic pixel sensor manufactured in a modified \SI{65}{\nano\meter}~CMOS imaging process with a small collection electrode. Its design addresses the challenges of porting an existing hybrid pixel…

The pixel detector is the innermost tracking device in CMS, reconstructing interaction vertices and charged particle trajectories. The sensors located in the innermost layers of the pixel detector must be upgraded for the ten-fold increase…

The R&D activity presented is focused on the development of new modules for the upgrade of the ATLAS pixel system at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The performance after irradiation of n-in-p pixel sensors of different active thicknesses…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-11 A. Macchiolo , L. Andricek , M. Ellenburg , H. G. Moser , R. Nisius , R. H. Richter , S. Terzo , P. Weigell

The Multi-Chip-Module-Deposited (MCM-D) technique has been used to build hybrid pixel detector assemblies. This paper summarises the results of an analysis of data obtained in a test beam campaign at CERN. Here, single chip hybrids made of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-11-26 K. -H. Becks , P. Gerlach , C. Grah , P. Maettig , T. Rohe

The upgrade to the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider will pose unprecedented challenges to the tracking systems of all experiments. Recent advancement of active pixel detectors designed in CMOS processes provide attractive alternatives…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-13 T. Bisanz , J. Große-Knetter , A. Quadt , J. Rieger , J. Weingarten

We are investigating the use of low temperature wafer-wafer bonding in the fabrication of next-generation particle pixel detectors. This bonding technique could enable the integration of fully processed CMOS readout wafers with high-Z…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-17 J. Wüthrich , K. Deplazes , A. Rubbia

The paper presents a hybrid bubble hologram processing approach for measuring the size and 3D distribution of bubbles over a wide range of size and shape. The proposed method consists of five major steps, including image enhancement,…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-04-25 Siyao Shao , Jiarong Hong

Fine-pitch hybridisation processes are essential for next-generation pixel detectors and high-density microelectronic assemblies. Conventional bump-bonding techniques, although reliable, remain costly and difficult to implement for…

The High Luminosity upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) requires new high-radiation tolerant silicon pixel sensors for the innermost part of the tracking detector in the CMS experiment. The innermost layer of the tracker,…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-02-11 Clara Lasaosa

In the context of the studies of the ATLAS High Luminosity LHC programme, radiation tolerant pixel detectors in CMOS technologies are investigated. To evaluate the effects of substrate resistivity on CMOS sensor performance, the H35DEMO…

It is of great importance to develop a photodetector system with an ultralow radioactivity background in rare event searches. Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) are two ideal candidates for…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-03-22 Haibo Yang , Qidong Wang , Guofu Cao , Kali M. Melby , Khadouja Harouaka , Isaac J. Arnquist , Fengwei Dai , Liqiang Cao , Liangjian Wen

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) are the photon detectors chosen for the tracking readout in NEXT, a neutrinoless {\beta}{\beta} decay experiment which uses a high pressure gaseous xenon time projection chamber (TPC). The reconstruction of…

3D silicon sensors, where plasma micro-machining is used to etch deep narrow apertures in the silicon substrate to form electrodes of PIN junctions, represent possible solutions for inner pixel layers of the tracking detectors in high…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-05-20 Giovanni Darbo

A reliable and cost-effective interconnect technology is required for the development of hybrid pixel detectors. The interconnect technology needs to be adapted for the pitch and die sizes of the respective applications. For small-scale…

Thin planar pixel modules are promising candidates to instrument the inner layers of the new ATLAS pixel detector for HL-LHC, thanks to the reduced contribution to the material budget and their high charge collection efficiency after…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-09-21 Anna Macchiolo , Richard Nisius , Natascha Savic , Stefano Terzo