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Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is widely used in security applications such as public key cryptography (PKC) and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP). ECC is composed of modular arithmetic, where modular multiplication takes most of the…
Optical beam steering is an essential technology for free-space optical communication, reconfigurable optical networks and quantum information systems. Yet conventional steering methods either require bulky mechanical mechanisms, or rely on…
3D die stacking and 2.5D interposer design are promising technologies to improve integration density, performance and cost. Current approaches face serious issues in dealing with emerging security challenges such as side channel attacks,…
Interfaces govern the unique mechanical response of amorphous multilayers. Here, we examine nanoindentation hardness and deformation behaviour of amorphous-amorphous Ta$_2$O$_5$/SiO$_2$ nanolaminates with bilayer thicknesses ranging from 2…
Transformer models have revolutionized AI tasks, but their large size hinders real-world deployment on resource-constrained and latency-critical edge devices. While binarized Transformers offer a promising solution by significantly reducing…
Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is becoming an enabling technique for large-capacity data communications via encoding the information on orthogonal guiding modes. However, the on-chip routing of a multimode waveguide occupies too large…
With its unique parallel processing capability, optical neural network has shown low-power consumption in image recognition and speech processing. At present, the manufacturing technology of programmable photonic chip is not mature, and the…
The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have emerged as the state-of-the-art paradigm for scaling up large language models (LLMs) without proportionally increased computational cost. However, its on-device deployment faces a critical challenge…
Quantum devices based on InSb nanowires (NWs) are a prime candidate system for realizing and exploring topologically-protected quantum states and for electrically-controlled spin-based qubits. The influence of disorder on achieving reliable…
Multi-core neuromorphic systems typically use on-chip routers to transmit spikes among cores. These routers require significant memory resources and consume a large part of the overall system's energy budget. A promising alternative…
While fully-digital precoding achieves superior performance in massive MIMO systems, it comes with significant drawbacks in terms of computational complexity and power consumption, particularly when operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave)…
Semiconductors require stable doping for applications in transistors, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics. However, this has been challenging for two-dimensional (2D) materials, where existing approaches are either incompatible with…
Ultra-thin (UT) oxide semiconductors are promising candidates for back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible transistors and monolithic three-dimensional integration. Experimentally, UT indium oxide (In$_2$O$_3$) field-effect transistors (FETs)…
Optical interconnects are the most promising solution to address the data-movement bottleneck in data centers. Silicon microdisks, benefiting from their compact footprint, low energy consumption, and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)…
Many engineering applications of Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) involve passing back and forth through phase transformation many times. Repeated phase transformation develops permanent deformations originating from the significant distortion…
The security of image data in the Internet of Things (IoT) and edge networks is crucial due to the increasing deployment of intelligent systems for real-time decision-making. Traditional encryption algorithms such as AES and RSA are…
Crossbar resistive memory with 1 Selector 1 Resistor (1S1R) structure is attractive for low-cost and high-density nonvolatile memory applications. As technology scales down to the single-nm regime, the increasing resistivity of…
We have found provably optimal algorithms for full-domain discrete-ordinate transport sweeps on a class of grids in 2D and 3D Cartesian geometry that are regular at a coarse level but arbitrary within the coarse blocks. We describe these…
Purpose: Common dense stereo Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) approaches in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) require high-end parallel computational resources for real-time implementation. Yet, it is not always feasible since…
This report addresses larger-than-memory image analysis for petascale datasets such as 1.4 PB electron-microscopy volumes and 150 TB human-organ atlases. We argue that performance is fundamentally I/O-bound. We show that structuring…