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An {\em odd subgraph} of a graph is a subgraph in which every vertex has odd degree. A graph $G$ is said to be {\em odd $k$-edge-colorable} if there exists an edge-coloring $E(G) \rightarrow \{1,2, \ldots, k\}$ such that each non-empty…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Mikio Kano , Shun-ichi Maezawa , Kenta Ozeki

Let $G$ be a matching-covered graph, i.e., every edge is contained in a perfect matching. An edge subset $X$ of $G$ is feasible if there exists two perfect matchings $M_1$ and $M_2$ such that $|M_1\cap X|\not\equiv |M_2\cap X| \pmod 2$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-20 Jinghua He , Erling Wei , Dong Ye , Shaohui Zhai

In a graph $G$, a subset of vertices $S \subseteq V(G)$ is said to be cyclable if there is a cycle containing the vertices in some order. $G$ is said to be $k$-cyclable if any subset of $k \geq 2$ vertices is cyclable. If any $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Niranjan Balachandran , Anish Hebbar

An edge $e$ of a graph $G$ is called deletable for some orientation $o$ if the restriction of $o$ to $G-e$ is a strong orientation. Inspired by a problem of Frank, in 2021 H\"orsch and Szigeti proposed a new parameter for $3$-edge-connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Jan Goedgebeur , Edita Máčajová , Jarne Renders

In 1972 Tutte famously conjectured that every 4-edge-connected graph has a nowhere zero 3-flow; this is known to be equivalent to every 5-regular, 4-edge-connected graph having an edge orientation in which every in-degree is either 1 or 4.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Michelle Delcourt , Reaz Huq , Pawel Pralat

Erd\H{o}s posed the problem of finding conditions on a graph $G$ that imply the largest number of edges in a triangle-free subgraph is equal to the largest number of edges in a bipartite subgraph. We generalize this problem to general…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Bingchen Qian , Chengfei Xie , Gennian Ge

A vertex of a graph is bisimplicial if the set of its neighbors is the union of two cliques; a graph is quasi-line if every vertex is bisimplicial. A recent result of Chudnovsky and Seymour asserts that every non-empty even-hole-free graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-24 Zi-Xia Song

Let $G$ be an edge-colored graph, a walk in $G$ is said to be a properly colored walk iff each pair of consecutive edges have different colors, including the first and the last edges in case that the walk be closed. Let $H$ be a graph…

Let $G$ be a simple and finite graph. A graph is said to be \textit{decomposed} into subgraphs $H_1$ and $H_2$ which is denoted by $G= H_1 \oplus H_2$, if $G$ is the edge disjoint union of $H_1$ and $H_2$. If $G= H_1 \oplus H_2 \oplus H_3…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-02 Opeyemi Oyewumi , Abolape D. Akwu

In an edge-colored graph $G$, a rainbow clique $K_k$ is a $k$-complete subgraph in which all the edges have distinct colors. Let $e(G)$ and $c(G)$ be the number of edges and colors in $G$, respectively. In this paper, we show that for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Xiao-Chuan Liu , Danni Peng , Xu Yang

For a positive integer $k$ and a graph $H$ on $k$ vertices, we are interested in the inducibility of $H$, denoted $\mathrm{ind}(H)$, which is defined as the maximum possible probability that choosing $k$ vertices uniformly at random from a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-27 Richard Ueltzen

A graph is "$H$-free" if it has no induced subgraph isomorphic to $H$. A conjecture of Conlon, Fox and Sudakov states that for every graph $H$, there exists $s>0$ such that in every $H$-free graph with $n>1$ vertices, either some vertex has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-08 Maria Chudnovsky , Jacob Fox , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour , Sophie Spirkl

Every embedded surface $\mathcal{K}$ in the 4-sphere admits a bridge trisection, a decomposition of $(S^4,\mathcal{K})$ into three simple pieces. In this case, the surface $\mathcal{K}$ is determined by an embedded 1-complex, called the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-09-20 Jeffrey Meier , Abigail Thompson , Alexander Zupan

Let $S,T$ be two distinct finite Abelian groups with $|S|=|T|$. A fundamental theorem of Tutte shows that a graph admits a nowhere-zero $S$-flow if and only if it admits a nowhere-zero $T$-flow. Jaeger, Linial, Payan and Tarsi in 1992…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Miaomiao Han , Jiaao Li , Xueliang Li , Meiling Wang

A fork is a graph obtained from $K_{1,3}$ (usually called claw) by subdividing an edge once. A graph is perfectly divisible if for each of its induced subgraph $H$, $V(H)$ can be partitioned into $A$ and $B$ such that $H[A]$ is perfect and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Baogang Xu , Miaoxia Zhuang

A normal edge-coloring of a cubic graph is a proper edge-coloring, in which every edge is adjacent to edges colored with four distinct colors or to edges colored with two distinct colors. It is conjectured that $5$ colors suffice for a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-29 Igor Fabrici , Borut Lužar , Roman Soták , Diana Švecová

We prove that every cyclically 4-edge-connected cubic graph that can be embedded in the torus, with the exceptional graph class called "Petersen-like", is 3-edge-colorable. This means every (non-trivial) toroidal snark can be obtained from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Yuta Inoue , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Atsuyuki Miyashita , Bojan Mohar , Tomohiro Sonobe

Let $G$ be a graph. We say that $G$ is perfectly divisible if for each induced subgraph $H$ of $G$, $V(H)$ can be partitioned into $A$ and $B$ such that $H[A]$ is perfect and $\omega(H[B])<\omega(H)$. We use $P_t$ and $C_t$ to denote a path…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Wei Dong , Baogang Xu , Yian Xu

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, let $bc(G)$ denote the minimum number of pairwise edge disjoint complete bipartite subgraphs of $G$ so that each edge of $G$ belongs to exactly one of them. It is easy to see that for every graph $G$, $bc(G) \leq n…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Noga Alon , Tom Bohman , Hao Huang

Sidorenko's conjecture states that, for all bipartite graphs $H$, quasirandom graphs contain asymptotically the minimum number of copies of $H$ taken over all graphs with the same order and edge density. While still open for graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-28 David Conlon , Joonkyung Lee , Alexander Sidorenko
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