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A tournament is a method to decide the winner in a competition, and describes the overall sequence in which matches between the players are held. While deciding a worthy winner is the primary goal of a tournament, a close second is to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Umang Bhaskar , Juhi Chaudhary , Palash Dey

A conjecture of Alon, Pach and Solymosi, which is equivalent to the celebrated Erd\H{o}s-Hajnal Conjecture, states that for every tournament $S$ there exists $\epsilon(S)>0$ such that if $T$ is an $n$-vertex tournament that does not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-15 Eli Berger , Krzysztof Choromanski , Maria Chudnovsky , Shira Zerbib

A celebrated unresolved conjecture of Erd\"{o}s and Hajnal states that for every undirected graph $H$ there exists $ \epsilon(H) > 0 $ such that every undirected graph on $ n $ vertices that does not contain $H$ as an induced subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-11 Soukaina Zayat , Salman Ghazal

Tournaments are orientations of the complete graph, and the directed Ramsey number $R(k)$ is the minimum number of vertices a tournament must have to be guaranteed to contain a transitive subtournament of size $k$, which we denote by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-19 David Neiman , John Mackey , Marijn Heule

We consider a general round-robin tournament model with equally strong players in which $X_{ij}$ denotes the score of player $i$ against player $j$. We assume that $X_{ij}$ takes values in a countable subset of $[0,1]$ and satisfies…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Yaakov Malinovsky

A homogeneous tournament is a tournament with $4t+3$ vertices such that every arc is contained in exactly $t+1$ cycles of length $3$. Homogeneous tournaments are the first class of tournaments that are proved to be path extendable, which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Rongxia Tang , Zhaojun Chen , Zan-Bo Zhang

A multipartite tournament is an orientation of a complete $k$-partite graph for some positive integer $k\geq 3$. We say that a multipartite tournament $D$ is tight if every partite set forms a clique in the $(1,2)$-step competition graph,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Myungho Choi , Suh-Ryung Kim

A tournament $T$ is a tournament completion of a bipartite tournament $D$ if $D$ is a spanning subdigraph of $T$, i.e., $V(D)=V(T)$ and $A(D)\subseteq A(T)$. If $C$ is a $k$-dicycle (i.e., directed cycle of length $k$) in a tournament…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-12 H. W. Willie Wong

In this paper, we give a direct construction for a set of dice realizing any given tournament $T$. The construction for a tournament with $n$ vertices requires a number of sides on the order of $n$, which appears to be the best general…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-28 Levi Angel , Matt Davis

If $T$ is an $n$-vertex tournament with a given number of $3$-cycles, what can be said about the number of its $4$-cycles? The most interesting range of this problem is where $T$ is assumed to have $c\cdot n^3$ cyclic triples for some $c>0$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-24 Nati Linial , Avraham Morgenstern

Challenge the Champ is a simple tournament format, where an ordering of the players -- called a seeding -- is decided. The first player in this order is the initial champ, and faces the next player. The outcome of each match decides the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Umang Bhaskar , Juhi Chaudhary , Sushmita Gupta , Pallavi Jain , Sanjay Seetharaman

Recently, Dragani\'c, Munh\'a Correia, Sudakov and Yuster showed that every tournament on $(2+o(1))k^2$ vertices contains a $1$-subdivision of a transitive tournament on $k$ vertices, which is tight up to a constant factor. We prove a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-22 António Girão , Robert Hancock

We prove the following new results. (a) Let $T$ be a regular tournament of order $2n+1\geq 11$ and $S$ a subset of $V(T)$. Suppose that $|S|\leq \frac{1}{2}(n-2)$ and $x$, $y$ are distinct vertices in $V(T)\setminus S$. If the subtournament…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Samvel Kh. Darbinyan , Gregory Z. Gutin

A digraph $D$ is called \emph{path extendable} if for every nonhamiltonian (directed) path $P$ in $D$, there exists another path $P^\prime$ with the same initial and terminal vertices as $P$, and $V(P^\prime) = V (P)\cup \{w\}$ for a vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Zan-Bo Zhang , Weihua He , Hajo Broersma , Xiaoyan Zhang

We study statistics of the knockout tournament, where only the winner of a fixture progresses to the next. We assign a real number called competitiveness to each contestant and find that the resulting distribution of prize money follows a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-01-09 Seung Ki Baek , Il Gu Yi , Hye Jin Park , Beom Jun Kim

Round robin tournaments are omnipresent in sport competitions and beyond. We propose two new integer programming formulations for scheduling a round robin tournament, one of which we call the matching formulation. We analytically compare…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Jasper van Doornmalen , Christopher Hojny , Roel Lambers , Frits C. R. Spieksma

An equivalent directed version of the celebrated unresolved conjecture of Erdos and Hajnal proposed by Alon et al. states that for every tournament H there exists epsilon(H) > 0 such that every H-free n-vertex tournament T contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Soukaina Zayat

A generalized tournament matrix $M$ is a nonnegative matrix that satisfies $M+M^{t}=J-I$, where $J$ is the all ones matrix and $I$ is the identity matrix. In this paper, a characterization of generalized tournament matrices with the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-07 Abderrahim Boussaïri , Abdelhak Chaïchaâ , Brahim Chergui , Soufiane Lakhlifi

We characterize robust tournament design -- the prize scheme that maximizes the lowest effort in a rank-order tournament where the distribution of noise is unknown, except for an upper bound, $\bar{H}$, on its Shannon entropy. The robust…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-07-23 Mikhail Drugov , Dmitry Ryvkin

Knockout tournaments constitute a popular format for organizing sports competitions. While prior results have shown that it is often possible to manipulate a knockout tournament by fixing the bracket, these results ignore the prevalent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Pasin Manurangsi , Warut Suksompong
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