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Sumner's universal tournament conjecture states that any tournament on $2n-2$ vertices contains any directed tree on $n$ vertices. In this paper we prove that this conjecture holds for all sufficiently large $n$. The proof makes extensive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Daniela Kühn , Richard Mycroft , Deryk Osthus

Motivated by known results for finite tournaments, we define and study the score functions of tournament kernels and the degree distributions of tournament limits. Our main theorem completely characterises those distributions that appear as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-30 Erik Thörnblad

We consider two-player stochastic games played on a finite state space for an infinite number of rounds. The games are concurrent: in each round, the two players (player 1 and player 2) choose their moves independently and simultaneously;…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-01-04 Krishnendu Chatterjee

A single-elimination (SE) tournament is a popular way to select a winner in both sports competitions and in elections. A natural and well-studied question is the tournament fixing problem (TFP): given the set of all pairwise match outcomes,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Michael P. Kim , Warut Suksompong , Virginia Vassilevska Williams

In this paper, a new kind of resultant, called the determinantal resultant, is introduced. This operator computes the projection of a determinantal variety under suitable hypothesis. As a direct generalization of the resultant of a very…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Laurent Buse

The \emph{chromatic number} of a directed graph $D$ is the minimum number of colors needed to color the vertices of $D$ such that each color class of $D$ induces an acyclic subdigraph. Thus, the chromatic number of a tournament $T$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Ararat Harutyunyan , Tien-Nam Le , Stéphan Thomassé , Hehui Wu

We prove that in a random tournament the events $\{s\rightarrow a\}$ and $\{t\rightarrow b\}$ are positively correlated, for distinct vertices $a,s,b,t \in K_n.$ It is also proven that the correlation between the events $\{s\rightarrow a\}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-20 Svante Linusson , Madeleine Leander

The converse of a tournament is obtained by reversing all arcs. If a tournament is isomorphic to its converse, it is called self--converse. Eplett provided a necessary and sufficient condition for a sequence of integers to be realisable as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Erik Thörnblad

A cycle C={v_1,v_2,....,v_1} in a tournament T is said to be even, if when walking along C, an even number of edges point in the wrong direction, that is, they are directed from v_{i+1} to v_i. In this short paper, we show that for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-19 Subrahmanyam Kalyanasundaram , Asaf Shapira

A $k$-majority digraph is a directed graph created by combining $k$ individual rankings on the same ground set to form a consensus where edges point in the direction indicated by a strict majority of the rankings. The $k$-majority digraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-09-29 Alexandra Ilic , Lilly Shen , Bobby Shen , Jian Shen

We use a theorem by Ding, Lubetzky and Peres describing the structure of the giant component of random graphs in the strictly supercritical regime, in order to determine the typical size of MAXCUT of $G\sim G\left(n,\frac…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-17 Lior Gishboliner , Michael Krivelevich , Gal Kronenberg

We think of a tournament $T=([n], E)$ as a communication network where in each round of communication processor $P_i$ sends its information to $P_j$, for every directed edge $ij \in E(T)$. By Landau's theorem (1953) there is a King in $T$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-23 Yehuda Afek , Eli Gafni , Nati Linial

We settle a version of the conjecture about intransitive dice posed by Conrey, Gabbard, Grant, Liu and Morrison in 2016 and Polymath in 2017. We consider generalized dice with $n$ faces and we say that a die $A$ beats $B$ if a random face…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Elisabetta Cornacchia , Jan Hązła

Classification of matches played in the last rounds of sports competitions is a well-established tool for evaluating tournament designs. Both deterministic and probabilistic approaches are available for this purpose. Our paper offers the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-26 László Csató , András Gyimesi

The evaluation of general-purpose artificial agents, particularly those based on LLMs, presents a significant challenge due to the non-transitive nature of their interactions. When agent A defeats B, B defeats C, and C defeats A,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Saad Alqithami

A tournament on 8 or more vertices may be intrinsically linked as a directed graph. We begin the classification of intrinsically linked tournaments by examining their score sequences. While many distinct tournaments may have the same score…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-22 Thomas Fleming , Joel Foisy

We study biased {\em orientation games}, in which the board is the complete graph $K_n$, and Maker and Breaker take turns in directing previously undirected edges of $K_n$. At the end of the game, the obtained graph is a tournament. Maker…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-12 Ido Ben-Eliezer , Michael Krivelevich , Benny Sudakov

It is known that for any permutation group $G$ of odd order one can find a subset of the permuted set whose stabilizer in $G$ is trivial, and if $G$ is primitive, then also a base of size at most 3. Both of these results are generalized to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-07 Ilya Ponomarenko

Crucial to an Evolutionary Algorithm's performance is its selection scheme. We mathematically investigate the relation between polynomial rank and probabilistic tournament methods which are (respectively) generalisations of the popular…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2008-06-26 Kassel Hingee , Marcus Hutter

We form a "map of tournaments" by adapting the map framework from the world of elections. By a tournament we mean a complete directed graph where the nodes are the players and an edge points from a winner of a game to the loser (with no…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Filip Nikolow , Piotr Faliszewski , Stanisław Szufa
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