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Dome seeing is a known source of image quality degradation, but despite tremendous progress in wavefront control with the development of adaptive optics and environmental control through implementation of dome venting, surprisingly little…
The out-of-plane vibration of a rough surface causes an in-plane vibration of its speckle pattern when observed with a defocused optical photographic system. If the frequency of the oscillations is high enough, a time-averaged specklegram…
Change detection is one of the most challenging issues when analyzing remotely sensed images. Comparing several multi-date images acquired through the same kind of sensor is the most common scenario. Conversely, designing robust, flexible…
It is well known that direct observation of interference and diffraction pattern in the intensity distribution requires a spatially coherent source. Optical waves emitted from portions beyond the coherence area possess statistically…
In the real world, image degradations caused by rain often exhibit a combination of rain streaks and raindrops, thereby increasing the challenges of recovering the underlying clean image. Note that the rain streaks and raindrops have…
The transient optical sky has remained largely unexplored on very short timescales. While there have been some experiments searching for optical transients from minutes to years, none have had the capability to distinguish millisecond Fast…
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will produce unprecedentedly deep and wide photometric catalogs, enabling transformative studies of faint stellar systems such as the research of ultra-faint dwarf…
Obtaining accurately calibrated redshift distributions of photometric samples is one of the great challenges in photometric surveys like LSST, Euclid, HSC, KiDS, and DES. We present an inference methodology that combines the redshift…
We investigate the quantum optical scattering of two-photon wavepackets by a macroscopic lossy sphere by means of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics in the form of modified Langevin noise formalism. The two ingoing photons with arbitrary…
We present one- and two-photon diffraction and interference experiments involving parametric down-converted photon pairs. By controlling the divergence of the pump beam in parametric down-conversion, the diffraction-interference pattern…
Most directly imaged giant exoplanets are fainter than brown dwarfs with similar spectra. To explain their relative underluminosity unusually cloudy atmospheres have been proposed. However, with multiple parameters varying between any two…
We have conducted a photometric monitoring program of 3 field late-L brown dwarfs looking for evidence of non-axisymmetric structure or temporal variability in their photospheres. The observations were performed using Spitzer/IRAC 4.5 and 8…
Venus and Earth are similar in bulk properties yet followed dramatically different climatic trajectories. Reconstructing Venus's climate evolution requires understanding how rotation, obliquity, eccentricity, and solar luminosity shaped…
We present a verification of a computational model, developed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for simulating radiation transfer in X-ray bursting neutron star atmospheres. We tested a baseline case and demonstrated strong…
We introduce and analyze the concept of space-spectrum uncertainty for certain commonly-used designs for spectrally programmable cameras. Our key finding states that, it is impossible to simultaneously capture high-resolution spatial images…
Images taken with modern detectors require calibration via flat fielding to obtain the same flux scale across the whole image. One method for obtaining the best possible flat fielding accuracy is to derive a photometric model from dithered…
Reduction of images and science analysis from ground-based telescopes such as the LSST requires detailed knowledge of the PSF of the image, which includes components attributable to the instrument as well as components attributable to the…
Spatial diffusion of particles in periodic potential models has provided a good framework for studying the role of chaos in global properties of classical systems. Here a bidimensional "soft" billiard, classically modeled from an optical…
Forthcoming astronomical imaging surveys will use weak gravitational lensing shear as a primary probe to study dark energy, with accuracy requirements at the 0.1% level. We present an implementation of the Metadetection shear measurement…
Sun Glare widely exists in the images captured by unmanned ground and aerial vehicles performing in outdoor environments. The existence of such artifacts in images will result in wrong feature extraction and failure of autonomous systems.…