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Deviations from the perfect atomic arrangements in crystals play an important role in affecting their properties. Similarly, diffusion of such deviations is behind many microstructural changes in solids. However, observation of point defect…
Heterogeneous clouds or temperature perturbations in rotating brown dwarfs produce variability in the observed flux. We report time-resolved simultaneous observations of the variable T6.5 brown dwarf 2MASSJ22282889-431026 over the…
Some optical measurements require relative timing of intensity variations with accuracy much finer than the camera frame period. One motivating example is dynamic aurora, where different prompt emissions are expected to originate from…
We present a method that enables wide field ground-based telescopes to scan the sky for sub-second stellar variability. The method has operational and image processing components. The operational component is to take star trail images. Each…
Near-future astronomical survey experiments, such as LSST, possess system requirements of unprecedented fidelity that span photometry, astrometry and shape transfer. Some of these requirements flow directly to the array of science imaging…
Photoexcitation by ultrashort laser pulses plays a crucial role in controlling reaction pathways, creating nonequilibrium material properties, and offering a microscopic view of complex dynamics at the molecular level. The photo response…
High precision fast photometry from ground-based observatories is a challenge due to intensity fluctuations (scintillation) produced by the Earth's atmosphere. Here we describe a method to reduce the effects of scintillation by a…
Diffusing-wave spectroscopy is a powerful technique which consists in measuring the temporal correlation function of the intensity of light multiply scattered by a medium. In this paper, we apply this technique to cold atoms under purely…
We have experimentally quantified the temporal structural diversity from the coordinate fluctuations of a laser beam propagating through isotropic optical turbulence. The main focus here is on the characterization of the long-range…
Stratospheric aerosols play an important role in the earth system and can affect the climate on timescales of months to years. However, estimating the characteristics of partially observed aerosol injections, such as those from volcanic…
The long term broadband spectral study of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars during different flux states has the potential to infer the emission mechanisms and the cause of spectral variations. To scrutinize this, we performed a detailed…
Atmospheric lidar observations provide a unique capability to directly observe the vertical column of cloud and aerosol scattering properties. Detector and solar background noise, however, hinder the ability of lidar systems to provide…
Scene understanding under low-light conditions is a challenging problem. This is due to the small number of photons captured by the camera and the resulting low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Single-photon cameras (SPCs) are an emerging…
In the solid state, a large variety of single-photon emitters present high quality photophysical properties together with a potential for integration. However, in many cases, the host matrix induces fluctuations of the emission wavelength…
Despite its scientific importance, the low-surface-brightness universe has yet to be fully explored due to various systematic uncertainties that affect the achievable surface-brightness limit. Reducing these uncertainties requires very…
We consider the change detection problem where the pre-change observation vectors are purely noise and the post-change observation vectors are noise-corrupted compressive measurements of sparse signals with a common support, measured using…
Extreme precision radial-velocity spectrometers enable extreme precision stellar spectroscopy. Searches for low-mass exoplanets around solar-type stars are limited by the physical variability in stellar spectra, such as the short-term…
The analysis of time-sequence satellite images is a powerful tool in remote sensing; it is used to explore the statics and dynamics of the surface of the earth. Usually, the quality of multitemporal images is influenced by metrological…
The ability to accurately measure the shapes of faint objects in images taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys(ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) depends upon detailed knowledge of the Point Spread Function (PSF). We show that…
A novel experimental platform is developed to investigate the dynamics of inertial particles (micro-droplets) in air turbulence. The goal is to observe particle collision and coalescence in turbulent flows, focusing on its impact on the…