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Light detection and ranging is a key technology for a number of applications, from relatively simple distance ranging to environmental monitoring. When dealing with low photon numbers an important issue is the improvement of the signal-…
We study the structure and reveal the physical nature of the reversed granulation pattern in the solar photosphere by means of 3-dimensional radiative hydrodynamics simulations. We used the MURaM code to obtain a realistic model of the…
A main science goal for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is to measure the cosmic shear signal from weak lensing to extreme accuracy. One difficulty, however, is that with the short exposure time ($\simeq$15 seconds) proposed, the…
Optical signal propagation through underwater channels is affected by three main degrading phenomena, namely absorption, scattering, and fading. In this paper, we experimentally study the statistical distribution of intensity fluctuations…
We at first introduce a novel photometric system, which consists of a Schmidt telescope, an objective prism, a CCD camera, and, especially, a multi-peak interference filter. The multi-peak interference filter enables light in multi…
In atmospheric \v{C}erenkov technique $\gamma-$rays are detected against abundant background produced by hadronic showers. In order to improve signal to noise ratio of the experiment, it is necessary to reject a significant fraction of…
Turbulence is a key element of the dynamics of astrophysical fluids, including those of interstellar medium, clusters of galaxies and circumstellar regions. Turbulent motions induce Doppler shifts of observable emission and absorption lines…
Understanding the origins of small-scale flats of CCDs and their wavelength-dependent variations plays an important role in high-precision photometric, astrometric, and shape measurements of astronomical objects. Based on the unique flat…
We investigate the linear correlation coefficient between the intensities at different wavelengths in photospheric and chromospheric spectral lines. Waves that propagate vertically through the stratified solar atmosphere affect different…
Conventional techniques that measure rapid time variations are inefficient or inadequate to discover and observe rapidly pulsating astronomical sources. It is therefore conceivable that there exist some classes of objects pulsating with…
Existing methods for obtaining flat field rely on observed data collected under specific observation conditions to determine the flat field. However, the telescope pointing and the column fixed pattern noise of the CMOS detector change…
The internal antarctic plateau revealed in the last years to be a site with interesting potentialities for the astronomical applications due to the extreme dryness and low temperatures, the typical high altitude of the plateau, the weak…
Creating arbitrary light patterns finds applications in various domains including lithography, beam shaping, metrology, sensing and imaging. We study the formation of high-contrast light patterns that are obtained by transmission through an…
The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer uses a near-infrared camera to measure the optical path length variations between the two AO-corrected apertures and provide high-angular resolution observations for all its science channels…
We propose Camera Splatting, a novel view optimization framework for novel view synthesis. Each camera is modeled as a 3D Gaussian, referred to as a camera splat, and virtual cameras, termed point cameras, are placed at 3D points sampled…
After proposing a new method of deriving the atmospheric time constant from the speed of focus variations (Kellerer & Tokovinin 2007), we now implement it with the new instrument, FADE. FADE uses a 36-cm Celestron telescope that is modified…
Calibration of radio interferometric observations becomes increasingly difficult towards lower frequencies. Below ~300 MHz, spatially variant refractions and propagation delays of radio waves traveling through the ionosphere cause phase…
Climate models robustly imply that some significant change in precipitation patterns will occur. Models consistently project that the intensity of individual precipitation events increases by approximately 6-7%/K, following the increase in…
We studied the influence of convection on the spectral energy distributions, photometric magnitudes, and colour indices of different types of stars across the H-R diagram. The 3D hydrodynamical CO5BOLD, averaged <3D>, and 1D hydrostatic LHD…
We introduce a new approach to prediction in graphical models with latent-shift adaptation, i.e., where source and target environments differ in the distribution of an unobserved confounding latent variable. Previous work has shown that as…