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We study searching and sorting in rounds motivated by a fair division question: given a cake cutting problem with $n$ players, compute a fair allocation in at most $k$ rounds of interaction with the players. Rounds interpolate between the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Simina Brânzei , Dimitris Paparas , Nicholas Recker

This paper coins the notion of Joker games, a variant of concurrent games where the players are not strictly adversarial. Instead, Player 1 can get help from Player 2 by playing a Joker move. We formalize these games as cost games and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Petra van den Bos , Marielle Stoelinga

A multipartite tournament is an orientation of a complete $k$-partite graph for some positive integer $k\geq 3$. We say that a multipartite tournament $D$ is tight if every partite set forms a clique in the $(1,2)$-step competition graph,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Myungho Choi , Suh-Ryung Kim

In the natural generalization of tic-tac-toe to an $n \times n \times n$ board where $n \in \mathbb{N}$, it is known that the first player has a winning strategy if $n \leq 4$ and that either player can force a draw if $n \geq 8$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-29 John W. Cain , Ioannis M. Raymond , Nora C. Källersjö

This paper proposes \emph{knowledge-based paraonoia search} (KBPS) to find forced wins during trick-taking in the card game Skat; for some one of the most interesting card games for three players. It combines efficient partial information…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Stefan Edelkamp

The locker puzzle is a game played by multiple players against a referee. It has been previously shown that the best strategy that exists cannot succeed with probability greater than 1-ln2 \approx 0.31, no matter how many players are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 David Avis , Anne Broadbent

The most important factors which contribute to the efficiency of game-theoretical algorithms are time and game complexity. In this study, we have offered an elegant method to deal with high complexity of game theoretic multi-objective…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Mahsa Badami , Ali Hamzeh , Sattar Hashemi

What are the chances of an ethical individual rising through the ranks of a political party or a corporation in the presence of unethical peers? To answer this question, I consider a four-player two-stage elimination tournament, in which…

General Economics · Economics 2020-09-08 Doron Klunover

The NBA draft can incentivize teams to deliberately lose. We propose a draft mechanism that is practical, incentive-compatible, and favors weaker teams. The Carry-Over Lottery Allocation (COLA) framework represents a paradigm shift in…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Timothy Highley , Tannah Duncan , Ilia Volkov

In a distributed game we imagine a team Player engaging a team Opponent in a distributed fashion. Such games and their strategies have been formalised in concurrent games based on event structures. However there are limitations in founding…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-14 Marc de Visme , Glynn Winskel

Probabilistic properties of tennis scoring systems are examined and compared with best-of-K systems. A model, where each player has his/her own probability of winning his/her service point and which remains invariant for the duration of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Edsel A. Pena , Dip Das , Yuexuan Wu

The online semi-random graph process is a one-player game which starts with the empty graph on $n$ vertices. At every round, a player (called Builder) is presented with a vertex $v$ chosen uniformly at random and independently from previous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Sofiya Burova , Lyuben Lichev

Patterns of wins and losses in pairwise contests, such as occur in sports and games, consumer research and paired comparison studies, and human and animal social hierarchies, are commonly analyzed using probabilistic models that allow one…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-03 Maximilian Jerdee , M. E. J. Newman

The classic game of Nim has been well-known for many years, inspiring numerous variations. One such variant is Delete Nim, where players take turns eliminating one pile of stones and splitting the remaining pile into two smaller piles. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Masato Shinoda

A common format for sports contests involves pairwise matches between two teams, with the #1 player of team A matched against the #1 player of team B, the #2 player of team A against the #2 player of team B, and so on. This paper addresses…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-04-07 Dana Mackenzie

The probability of a given candidate winning a future election is worked out in closed form as a function of (i) the current support rates for each candidate, (ii) the relative positioning of the candidates within the political spectrum,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Dorje C. Brody , Tomooki Yuasa

We introduce a natural variant of weighted voting games, which we refer to as k-Prize Weighted Voting Games. Such games consist of n players with weights, and k prizes, of possibly differing values. The players form coalitions, and the i-th…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Wei-Chen Lee , David Hyland , Alessandro Abate , Edith Elkind , Jiarui Gan , Julian Gutierrez , Paul Harrenstein , Michael Wooldridge

During the last twenty years, a lot of research was conducted on the sport elimination problem: Given a sports league and its remaining matches, we have to decide whether a given team can still possibly win the competition, i.e., place…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Stefan Neumann , Andreas Wiese

In this paper, we provide algorithms to rank and unrank certain degree-restricted classes of Cayley trees (spanning trees of the n-vertex complete graph). Specifically, we consider classes of trees that have a given set of leaves or a fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-13 Jeffrey B. Remmel , S. Gill Williamson

Determining how close a winner of an election is to becoming a loser, or distinguishing between different possible winners of an election, are major problems in computational social choice. We tackle these problems for so-called weighted…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Michelle Döring , Jannik Peters