Related papers: Precision measurement of an electron pump at 2 GHz
We have experimentally studied the behaviour of the so-called Cooper pair pump (CPP) with three Josephson junctions, in the limit of small Josephson coupling EJ < EC. These experiments show that the CPP can be operated as a traditional…
Single-charge pumps are the main candidates for quantum-based standards of the unit ampere because they can generate accurate and quantized electric currents. In order to approach the metrological requirements in terms of both accuracy and…
The extremely low dark current of silicon carbide (SiC) detectors, even after high-fluence irradiation, was utilized to develop a beam monitoring system for a wide range of particle rates, i.e., from the kHz to the GHz regime. The system is…
Thin pad detectors made from 75 $\mu$m thick epitaxial silicon on low resistivity substrate were irradiated with reactor neutrons to fluences from 2.5$\times 10^{16}$ n/cm$^2$ to 1$\times 10^{17}$ n/cm$^2$. Edge-TCT measurements showed that…
Semiconductor-based quantum dot single-electron pumps are currently the most promising candidates for the direct realization of the emerging quantum standard of the ampere in the International System of Units. Here, we discuss a silicon…
A standard method for picoammeter calibrations is the capacitor charging technique, which allows generating traceable currents in the sub-nA range. However, its accuracy is limited by the ac-dc differences of the capacitances involved. The…
Precise manipulation of individual charge carriers in nanoelectronic circuits underpins practical applications of their most basic quantum property --- the universality and invariance of the elementary charge. A charge pump generates a net…
Single-electron pumps based on tunable-barrier quantum dots are the most promising candidates for a direct realization of the unit ampere in the recently revised SI: they are simple to operate and show high precision at high operation…
Microfluidic chips have been fabricated to study electrokinetic pumping generated by a low voltage AC signal applied to an asymmetric electrode array. A measurement procedure has been established and followed carefully resulting in a high…
The mechanism of single-charge pumping using a dynamic quantum dot needs to be precisely understood for high-accuracy and universal operation toward applications to quantum current standards and quantum information devices. The type of…
The new definition of the ampere calls for a quantum current standard able to deliver a flow of elementary charges, $e$, controlled with a relative uncertainty of $10^{-8}$. Despite many efforts, nanodevices handling electrons one by one…
We have measured the 1S - 2S transition frequency in atomic hydrogen via two photon spectroscopy on a 5.8 K atomic beam. We obtain $f_{1S-2S} = 2 466 061 413 187 035 (10)$ Hz for the hyperfine centroid. This is a fractional frequency…
Using the inherent timing stability of pulses from a mode-locked laser, we have precisely measured the cesium $6P_{3/2}$ excited state lifetime. An initial pump pulse excites cesium atoms in two counter-propagating atomic beams to the…
We study the current produced in a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid by an applied bias and by weak, point-like impurity potentials which are oscillating in time. We use bosonization to perturbatively calculate the current up to second order in the…
In this Letter, we study the transient electron transfer phenomena of single-electron devices with alternating external gate voltages. We obtain a high frequency limit for pumping electrons one at a time in single-electron devices. Also, we…
We describe the construction and operation of a two-channel noise detection system for measuring power and cross spectral densities of current fluctuations near 2 MHz in electronic devices at low temperatures. The system employs cryogenic…
There are few good direct laboratory tests of boost invariance for electrons, because the experiments required often involve repeated precision measurements performed at different times of year. However, existing measurements and…
Pumping of electrons through nano-scale devices is one of the fascinating achievements in the field of nano-science with a wide range of applications. To optimize the performance of pumps, operating them at high frequencies is mandatory. We…
Schemes aimed at transferring individual electrons in semiconductor devices and detecting possible transfer errors have increasing importance for metrological applications. We study the coupling of a superconducting Josephson-junction-based…
Presented in this paper is a proof-of-concept for a new approach to single electron pumping based on a Single Atom Transistor (SAT). By charge pumping electrons through an isolated dopant atom in silicon, precise currents of up to 160 pA at…