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Reinforcement learning (RL) is an area of research that has blossomed tremendously in recent years and has shown remarkable potential for artificial intelligence based opponents in computer games. This success is primarily due to the vast…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has produced great achievements since it was proposed, including the possibility of processing raw vision input data. However, training an agent to perform tasks based on image feedback remains a challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Victor Augusto Kich , Junior Costa de Jesus , Ricardo Bedin Grando , Alisson Henrique Kolling , Gabriel Vinícius Heisler , Rodrigo da Silva Guerra

The increasing complexity of gameplay mechanisms in modern video games is leading to the emergence of a wider range of ways to play games. The variety of possible play-styles needs to be anticipated by designers, through automated tests.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Pierre Le Pelletier de Woillemont , Rémi Labory , Vincent Corruble

This paper proposes a novel deep reinforcement learning algorithm to perform automatic analysis and detection of gameplay issues in complex 3D navigation environments. The Curiosity-Conditioned Proximal Trajectories (CCPT) method combines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Alessandro Sestini , Linus Gisslén , Joakim Bergdahl , Konrad Tollmar , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become the mainstream technique for training LLM agents. However, RLVR highly depends on well-crafted task queries and corresponding ground-truth answers to provide accurate rewards,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hongliang Lu , Yuhang Wen , Pengyu Cheng , Ruijin Ding , Jiaqi Guo , Haotian Xu , Chutian Wang , Haonan Chen , Xiaoxi Jiang , Guanjun Jiang

Reliable detection of various objects and road users in the surrounding environment is crucial for the safe operation of automated driving systems (ADS). Despite recent progresses in developing highly accurate object detectors based on Deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Hakan Yekta Yatbaz , Mehrdad Dianati , Konstantinos Koufos , Roger Woodman

Text-based games provide an interactive way to study natural language processing. While deep reinforcement learning has shown effectiveness in developing the game playing agent, the low sample efficiency and the large action space remain to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Yunqiu Xu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Yali Du , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Chengqi Zhang

This work presents an exploration and imitation-learning-based agent capable of state-of-the-art performance in playing text-based computer games. Text-based computer games describe their world to the player through natural language and…

In active visual tracking, it is notoriously difficult when distracting objects appear, as distractors often mislead the tracker by occluding the target or bringing a confusing appearance. To address this issue, we propose a mixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Fangwei Zhong , Peng Sun , Wenhan Luo , Tingyun Yan , Yizhou Wang

Object finding in clutter is a skill that requires perception of the environment and in many cases physical interaction. In robotics, interactive perception defines a set of algorithms that leverage actions to improve the perception of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Tonci Novkovic , Remi Pautrat , Fadri Furrer , Michel Breyer , Roland Siegwart , Juan Nieto

Testing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents in safety-critical domains requires discovering diverse failure scenarios. Existing tools such as INDAGO rely on single-objective optimization focused solely on maximizing failure counts, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Antony Bartlett , Cynthia Liem , Annibale Panichella

Recognizing objects in dense clutter accurately plays an important role to a wide variety of robotic manipulation tasks including grasping, packing, rearranging and many others. However, conventional visual recognition models usually miss…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Zhenyu Wu , Ziwei Wang , Zibu Wei , Yi Wei , Haibin Yan

Recently testing of games via autonomous agents has shown great promise in tackling challenges faced by the game industry, which mainly relied on either manual testing or record/replay. In particular Reinforcement Learning (RL) solutions…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Raihana Ferdous , Fitsum Kifetew , Davide Prandi , Angelo Susi

Current deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches achieve state-of-the-art performance in various domains, but struggle with data efficiency compared to human learning, which leverages core priors about objects and their interactions.…

Game design hinges on understanding how static rules and content translate into dynamic player behavior - something modern generative systems that inspect only a game's code or assets struggle to capture. We present an automated design…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Alex Zook , Josef Spjut , Jonathan Tremblay

Text-based games (TBGs) have emerged as an important collection of NLP tasks, requiring reinforcement learning (RL) agents to combine natural language understanding with reasoning. A key challenge for agents attempting to solve such tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Kinjal Basu , Keerthiram Murugesan , Subhajit Chaudhury , Murray Campbell , Kartik Talamadupula , Tim Klinger

Exploration is a key part of many video games. We investigate the using an exploratory agent to provide feedback on the design of procedurally generated game levels, 5 engaging levels and 5 unengaging levels. We expand upon a framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Bobby Khaleque , Mike Cook , Jeremy Gow

Classic evaluation methods of believable agents are time-consuming because they involve many human to judge agents. They are well suited to validate work on new believable behaviours models. However, during the implementation, numerous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-09-03 Fabien Tencé , Cédric Buche

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently generate buggy code with complex logic errors that are challenging to diagnose. While existing LLM-based self-repair approaches conduct intensive static semantic analysis or reply on superficial…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yunkun Wang , Yue Zhang , Guochang Li , Chen Zhi , Binhua Li , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Shuiguang Deng

Modern AAA video games feature huge game levels and maps which are increasingly hard for level testers to cover exhaustively. As a result, games often ship with catastrophic bugs such as the player falling through the floor or being stuck…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Cong Lu , Raluca Georgescu , Johan Verwey