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Competitive games involving thousands or even millions of players are prevalent in real-world contexts, such as transportation, communications, and computer networks. However, learning in these large-scale multi-agent environments presents…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Batuhan Yardim , Semih Cayci , Niao He

We study the problem of computing an approximate Nash equilibrium of continuous-action game without access to gradients. Such game access is common in reinforcement learning settings, where the environment is typically treated as a black…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Carlos Martin , Tuomas Sandholm

In this article, we introduce a new class of entropy-penalized robust mean field game problems in which the representative agent is opposed to Nature. The agent's objective is formulated as a min-max stochastic control problem, in which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 François Delarue , Pierre Lavigne

We study the convergence of Nash equilibria in a game of optimal stopping. If the associated mean field game has a unique equilibrium, any sequence of $n$-player equilibria converges to it as $n\to\infty$. However, both the finite and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-30 Marcel Nutz , Jaime San Martin , Xiaowei Tan

Stochastic games generalize Markov decision processes (MDPs) to a multiagent setting by allowing the state transitions to depend jointly on all player actions, and having rewards determined by multiplayer matrix games at each state. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Michael Kearns , Yishay Mansour , Satinder Singh

We introduce two Smoothed Policy Iteration algorithms (\textbf{SPI}s) as rules for learning policies and methods for computing Nash equilibria in second order potential Mean Field Games (MFGs). Global convergence is proved if the coupling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Qing Tang , Jiahao Song

Here, we develop a deep learning algorithm for solving Principal-Agent (PA) mean field games with market-clearing conditions -- a class of problems that have thus far not been studied and one that poses difficulties for standard numerical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Steven Campbell , Yichao Chen , Arvind Shrivats , Sebastian Jaimungal

We consider online no-regret learning in unknown games with bandit feedback, where each player can only observe its reward at each time -- determined by all players' current joint action -- rather than its gradient. We focus on the class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Wenjia Ba , Tianyi Lin , Jiawei Zhang , Zhengyuan Zhou

Feedback Nash equilibrium strategies in multi-agent dynamic games require availability of all players' state information to compute control actions. However, in real-world scenarios, sensing and communication limitations between agents make…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xinjie Liu , Jingqi Li , Filippos Fotiadis , Mustafa O. Karabag , Jesse Milzman , David Fridovich-Keil , Ufuk Topcu

In multi-agent reinforcement learning, the behaviors that agents learn in a single Markov Game (MG) are typically confined to the given agent number. Every single MG induced by varying the population may possess distinct optimal joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Shenao Zhang , Li Shen , Lei Han , Li Shen

This paper studies a large population dynamic game involving nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems with agents of the following mixed types: (i) a major agent, and (ii) a population of $N$ minor agents where $N$ is very large. The major…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Mojtaba Nourian , Peter E. Caines

In this article we study the convergence of the Nash Equilibria in a N-player differential game towards the optimal strategies in the Mean Field Games, when the dynamic of the generic player includes a reflection process which guarantees…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-03-16 Michele Ricciardi

Mean Field Games (MFGs) have the ability to handle large-scale multi-agent systems, but learning Nash equilibria in MFGs remains a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm that achieves…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zida Wu , Mathieu Lauriere , Samuel Jia Cong Chua , Matthieu Geist , Olivier Pietquin , Ankur Mehta

This paper examines the long-run behavior of learning with bandit feedback in non-cooperative concave games. The bandit framework accounts for extremely low-information environments where the agents may not even know they are playing a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Mario Bravo , David S. Leslie , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

This paper studies the connections between mean-field games and the social welfare optimization problems. We consider a mean field game in functional spaces with a large population of agents, each of which seeks to minimize an individual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-27 Sen Li , Wei Zhang , Lin Zhao

In this paper, we investigate the robustness of stationary mean-field equilibria in the presence of model uncertainties, specifically focusing on infinite-horizon discounted cost functions. To achieve this, we initially establish…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Uğur Aydın , Naci Saldi

This work proposes a novel distributed approach for computing a Nash equilibrium in convex games with restricted strongly monotone pseudo-gradients. By leveraging the idea of the centralized operator extrapolation method presented in [4] to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Tatiana Tatarenko , Angelia Nedich

In this paper, we introduce a regularized mean-field game and study learning of this game under an infinite-horizon discounted reward function. Regularization is introduced by adding a strongly concave regularization function to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Berkay Anahtarci , Can Deha Kariksiz , Naci Saldi

The mean field limit of large-population symmetric stochastic differential games is derived in a general setting, with and without common noise, on a finite time horizon. Minimal assumptions are imposed on equilibrium strategies, which may…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-13 Daniel Lacker

We develop a probabilistic approach to continuous-time finite state mean field games. Based on an alternative description of continuous-time Markov chain by means of semimartingale and the weak formulation of stochastic optimal control, our…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-24 Rene Carmona , Peiqi Wang