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We introduce a novel direct calibration algorithm to address phase delay, gain, and offset mismatches in Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) time interleaving systems. These mismatches, common in high-speed data acquisition, degrade system…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-27 Chi-kwan Chan , Hina Suzuki , David Forbes , Andrew Thomas West , Arash Roshanineshat , Daniel P. Marrone , Amy Lowitz

Many application domains face the challenges of high-power consumption and high computational demands, especially with the advancement in embedded machine learning and edge computing. Designing application-specific circuits is crucial to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-13 Zeinab Hijazi , Fatima Bzeih , Ali Ibrahim

A 33.6 ps LSB Time-to-Digital converter was designed in 130 nm BiCMOS technology. The core of the converter is a differential 9-stage ring oscillator, based on a multi-path architecture. A novel version of this design is proposed, along…

High precision and large dynamic range measurement are required in the readout systems for the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) in Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). This paper presents a prototype of 12-bit 40 MSPS…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-12-21 Jian-Feng Liu , Lei Zhao , Jia-Jun Qin , Yun-Fan Yang , Li Yu , Yu Liang , Shu-Bin Liu , Qi An

We describe an FPGA-based, 96-channel, time-to-digital converter (TDC) intended for use with the Central Outer Tracker (COT) in the CDF Experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. The COT system is digitized and read out by 315 TDC cards, each…

This paper proposes a high-speed transceiver-based method for implementing a digital-to-time converter (DTC). A real-time decoding technique is introduced to inject time information into high-speed pattern data. The stability of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-11 Dexuan Kong , Zaiming Fu , Yujie Deng , Ruiqi Wang

Time to Digital Converters (TDCs) are very common devices in particles physics experiments. A lot of "off-the-shelf" TDCs can be employed but the necessity of a custom DAta acQuisition (DAQ) system makes the TDCs implemented on the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-09-07 A. Balla , M. Beretta , P. Ciambrone , M. Gatta , F. Gonnella , L. Iafolla , M. Mascolo , R. Messi , D. Moricciani , D. Riondino

The paper deals with the task of optimal design of Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs). A general ADC is modeled as a causal discrete-time dynamical system with outputs taking values in a finite set, and its performance is defined as the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Mitra Osqui , Alexandre Megretski , Mardavij Roozbehani

We describe a novel ionization signal capture and waveform digitization scheme for kiloton-scale liquid argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detectors. The scheme is based on a pixel-scale self-triggering `charge integrate/reset' block,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-09-28 David Nygren , Yuan Mei

This paper presents a differential 10-bit 2 MS/s successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a precision-improvement technique. The proposed method breaks the direct tradeoff between the capacitive…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Yi Zhang

The Allan variance of signal and reference frequencies is measured by a least-squares fit of the output of two analog-to-digital converters (ADC's) to ideal sine waves. The difference in the fit phase of the two channels generates the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-03-14 Ralph G. DeVoe

A characterisation of the Timepix4 pixel front-end with a strong focus on timing performance is presented. Externally generated test pulses were used to probe the per-pixel time-to-digital converter (TDC) and measure the time-bin sizes by…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-07-13 K. Heijhoff , K. Akiba , R. Ballabriga , M. van Beuzekom , M. Campbell , A. P. Colijn , M. Fransen , R. Geertsema , V. Gromov , X. Llopart Cudie

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory is in the R&D phase, in which the Water Cherenkov Detector Array is an important part. The signals of Photo-Multiplier Tubes would vary from single photo electron to 4000 photo electrons, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-07-09 Lei Zhao , Weihao Wu , Jianfeng Liu , Yu Liang , Jiajun Qin , Li Yu , Shubin Liu , Qi An

In this paper we prove optimality of a certain class of Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs), which can be viewed as generalized Delta-Sigma Modulators (DSMs), with respect to a performance measure that can be characterized as the worst-case…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-07-23 Mitra Osqui , Alexandre Megretski

Target parameter estimation in active sensing, and particularly radar signal processing, is a long-standing problem that has been studied extensively. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for target parameter estimation in cases where…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Aria Ameri , Arindam Bose , Jian Li , Mojtaba Soltanalian

Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) with charge readout via micro pattern gaseous detectors can provide detailed measurements of charge density distributions. We here report on measurements of alpha particle tracks, using a TPC where the drift…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-12-09 P. M. Lewis , S. E. Vahsen , M. T. Hedges , I. Jaegle , I. S. Seong , T. N. Thorpe

In this contribution, it is proposes to limit the quantization search space of a successive approximation analog-to-digital converter through an analytic derivation of maximum possible sample-to-sample variation. The presented example…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-30 Mehdi Safarpour , Reza Inanlou , Olli Silven , Timo Rahkonen , Omid Shoaei

Factors that contribute to the rapid increase in power dissipation as a function of input bandwidth in high speed electronic Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) are discussed. We find that the figure of merit (FOM), defined as the energy…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-01-20 Shalabh Gupta , George C. Valley , Robert H. Walden , Bahram Jalali

Low resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) can be employed to improve the energy efficiency (EE) of a wireless receiver since the power consumption of each ADC is exponentially related to its sampling resolution and the hardware…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-11 Aryan Kaushik , Christos Tsinos , Evangelos Vlachos , John Thompson

In task-based quantization, a multivariate analog signal is transformed into a digital signal using a limited number of low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). This process aims to minimize a fidelity criterion, which is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Marian Temprana Alonso , Farhad Shirani , Neil Irwin Bernardo , Yonina C. Eldar