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Modern vehicles rely on scores of electronic control units (ECUs) broadcasting messages over a few controller area networks (CANs). Bereft of security features, in-vehicle CANs are exposed to cyber manipulation and multiple researches have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Zachariah Tyree , Robert A. Bridges , Frank L. Combs , Michael R. Moore

Modern vehicles are equipped with Electronic Control Units (ECU) that are used for controlling important vehicle functions including safety-critical operations. ECUs exchange information via in-vehicle communication buses, of which the…

Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) systems have become a standard feature in modern vehicles, yet their unidirectional fixed-frequency radio communication renders them vulnerable to replay attacks, impersonation attacks, cryptanalysis, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jingjing Guo , Bo Tang , Jiayuan Xu , Qingyi Li , Yuyuan Qin , Xinghua Li

Despite being a legacy protocol with various known security issues, Controller Area Network (CAN) still represents the de-facto standard for communications within vehicles, ships, and industrial control systems. Many research works have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Denis Donadel , Kavya Balasubramanian , Alessandro Brighente , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Mauro Conti , Radha Poovendran

The advancements in autonomous driving technology, coupled with the growing interest from automotive manufacturers and tech companies, suggest a rising adoption of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) in the near future. Despite some…

The rapid evolution of smart grids requires effective communication protocols to transfer data reliably and securely. Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the most recognized protocols that offer reliable data transmission in smart grids…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ayman W. Baharia , Khaled T. Naga , Hesham S. Abdelfattah , Shady A. Maged , Sherif A. Hammad

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are more vulnerable to network attacks due to the high connectivity and diverse communication modes between vehicles and external networks. Deep learning-based Intrusion detection, an effective method for detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Pengzhou Cheng , Lei Hua , Haobin Jiang , Gongshen Liu

This work focuses on eliminating timing-side channels in real-time safety-critical cyber-physical network protocols like Controller Area Networks (CAN). Automotive Electronic Control Units (ECUs) implement predictable scheduling decisions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Sunandan Adhikary , Ipsita Koley , Arkaprava Sain , Soumyadeep das , Shuvam Saha , Soumyajit Dey

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is advancing modern transportation by improving safety, efficiency, and intelligence. However, the reliance on the Controller Area Network (CAN) introduces critical security risks, as CAN-based communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shahid Alam , Amina Jameel , Zahida Parveen , Ehab Alnfrawy , Adeela Ashraf , Raza Uddin , Jamal Aqib

This study evaluates the feasibility of integrating lightweight block cipher payload encryption into a real-time embedded controller area network (CAN) node using a QT PY ESP32-S2 microcontroller. This work seeks to determine whether the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Kevin Setterstrom , Jeremy Straub

The QUIC protocol is a new approach to combine encryption and transport layer stream abstraction into one protocol to lower latency and improve security. However, the decision to encrypt transport layer functionality may limit the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Konrad Yuri Gbur , Florian Tschorsch

Transport layer data leaks metadata unintentionally -- such as who communicates with whom. While tools for strong transport layer privacy exist, they have adoption obstacles, including performance overheads incompatible with mobile devices.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Boel Nelson , Elena Pagnin , Aslan Askarov

A Controller Area Network (CAN) bus in the vehicles is an efficient standard bus enabling communication between all Electronic Control Units (ECU). However, CAN bus is not enough to protect itself because of lack of security features. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Eunbi Seo , Hyun Min Song , Huy Kang Kim

Modern vehicles remain vulnerable to unauthorized use and theft despite traditional security measures including immobilizers and keyless entry systems. Criminals exploit vulnerabilities in Controller Area Network (CAN) bus systems to bypass…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Brooke Elizabeth Kidmose , Andreas Brasen Kidmose , Cliff C. Zou

We address the security of a network of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) cooperating to safely navigate through a conflict area (e.g., traffic intersections, merging roadways, roundabouts). Previous studies have shown that such a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 H M Sabbir Ahmad , Ehsan Sabouni , Akua Dickson , Wei Xiao , Christos G. Cassandras , Wenchao Li

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an intelligent application of IoT in smart transportation, which can make intelligent decisions for passengers. It has drawn extensive attention to improve traffic safety and efficiency and create a more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Jingwei Liu , Qingqing Li , Rong Sun , Xiaojiang Du , Mohsen Guizani

Controller Area Network (CAN) is an essential networking protocol that connects multiple electronic control units (ECUs) in a vehicle. However, CAN-based in-vehicle networks (IVNs) face security risks owing to the CAN mechanisms. An…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Seonghoon Jeong , Sangho Lee , Hwejae Lee , Huy Kang Kim

The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus serves as a standard protocol for facilitating communication among various electronic control units (ECUs) within contemporary vehicles. However, it has been demonstrated that the CAN bus is susceptible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Maloy Kumar Devnath

Continuous Authentication (CA) has been proposed as a potential solution to counter complex cybersecurity attacks that exploit conventional static authentication mechanisms that authenticate users only at an ingress point. However, widely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Syed W. Shah , Naeem F. Syed , Arash Shaghaghi , Adnan Anwar , Zubair Baig , Robin Doss

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly being integrated into next-generation networks to enhance communication coverage and network capacity. However, the dynamic and mobile nature of UAVs poses significant security challenges,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Hao Zhang , Fuhui Zhou , Wei Wang , Qihui Wu , Chau Yuen