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Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the in-vehicle network protocols that is used to communicate among Electronic Control Units (ECUs) and has been de-facto standard. CAN is simple and has several vulnerabilities such as unable to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Shuji Ohira , Araya Kibrom Desta , Tomoya Kitagawa , Ismail Arai , Kazutoshi Fujikawa

Multiple attacks have shown that in-vehicle networks have vulnerabilities which can be exploited. Securing the Controller Area Network (CAN) for modern vehicles has become a necessary task for car manufacturers. Some attacks inject…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Irina Chiscop , András Gazdag , Joost Bosman , Gergely Biczók

Road network is employed for exchanging the information among the vehicles where accidents and traffic information can be delivered, or receive services by an infrastructure. Although wireless communication systems yield an efficient…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Imran Memon , Hina Memon

With the rapid advancement of 6G technology, the Tactile Internet is emerging as a novel paradigm of interaction, particularly in intelligent transportation systems, where stringent demands for ultra-low latency and high reliability are…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Shakil Ahmed , Amika Tabassum , Ibrahim Almazyad , Ashfaq Khokhar

Controller Area Networks (CANs) are the backbone for reliable intra-vehicular communication. Recent cyberattacks have, however, exposed the weaknesses of CAN, which was designed without any security considerations in the 1980s. Current…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Eric Wagner , Frederik Basels , Jan Bauer , Till Zimmermann , Klaus Wehrle , Martin Henze

Nowadays, vehicles have complex in-vehicle networks (IVNs) with millions of lines of code controlling almost every function in the vehicle including safety-critical functions. It has recently been shown that IVNs are becoming increasingly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Nasser Nowdehi , Wissam Aoudi , Magnus Almgren , Tomas Olovsson

The Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol, essential for automotive embedded systems, lacks inherent security features, making it vulnerable to cyber threats, especially with the rise of autonomous vehicles. Traditional security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Franco Oberti , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino

Ethernet is being considered as the backbone network protocol for next-generation automotive control networks. In such networks, Controller Area Network (CAN) messages related to automotive control can be sent from a CAN network to other…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-09-04 Keigo Kawahara , Yutaka Matsubara , Hiroaki Takada

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be utilized as aerial base stations to provide communication service for remote mobile users due to their high mobility and flexible deployment. However, the line-of-sight (LoS) wireless links are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Xiongwei Wu , Qiang Li , Yawei Lu , H. Vincent Poor , Victor C. M. Leung , P. C. Ching

The automobile industry is no longer relying on pure mechanical systems; instead, it benefits from advanced Electronic Control Units (ECUs) in order to provide new and complex functionalities in the effort to move toward fully connected…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Franco Oberti , Alessandro Savino , Ernesto Sanchez , Filippo Parisi , Stefano Di Carlo

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have been proposed to automate transportation industry in order to increase its accuracy, efficiency, throughput, and specially safety. Security plays an Undeniable important role on implementing VANETs in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Vahid Ranjbar , Ali Mohammad Afshin Hemmatyar

The very high growth of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has generated an urgent requirement for secure, effective, and context-aware data sharing mechanisms, especially over heterogeneous and geographically dispersed settings. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Aparna Singh , Geetanjali Rathee , Chaker Abdelaziz Kerrache , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are expected to effectively create a stand-alone network for secure communication among autonomous agents. In such a dynamic and fast-changing network with high-speed agents, verifying the…

Modern cars are no longer purely mechanical devices but shelter so much digital technology that they resemble a network of computers. Electronic Control Units (ECUs) need to exchange a large amount of data for the various functions of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Giampaolo Bella , Pietro Biondi , Gianpiero Costantino , Ilaria Matteucci

The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a safety-critical in-vehicle communication protocol that lacks built-in security mechanisms, making intrusion detection essential. Existing approaches predominantly formulate CAN intrusion detection as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jing Chen , Abhijay Deevi , Onat Gungor , Tajana Rosing

The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus works as an important protocol in the real-time In-Vehicle Network (IVN) systems for its simple, suitable, and robust architecture. The risk of IVN devices has still been insecure and vulnerable due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sk. Tanzir Mehedi , Adnan Anwar , Ziaur Rahman , Kawsar Ahmed

Recent research has highlighted the vulnerability of in-vehicle network protocols such as controller area networks (CAN) and proposed machine learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) as an effective mitigation technique. However,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

Diffusion Language Models (dLLMs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in highly parallel processing. The parallel capabilities of existing dLLMs stem from the assumption of conditional independence at high confidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Haohui Zhang , Zhiye Wang , Xiaoying Gan , Xinbing Wang , Bo Jiang

Modern vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to attacks that exploit network infrastructures, particularly the Controller Area Network (CAN) networks. To effectively counter such threats using contemporary tools like Intrusion Detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sadek Misto Kirdi , Nicola Scarano , Franco Oberti , Luca Mannella , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) marked a pronounced change in the Intelligent Transport System and Smart Cities through seamless vehicle communication to intensify safety and efficacy. However, a few authentication schemes have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Girraj Kumar Verma , Nahida Majeed Wani , Prosanta Gope