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We propose a novel hierarchical frequency and voltage control design for multi-area power system integrated with inverter-based resources (IBRs). The design is based on the idea of prioritizing the use of IBRs over conventional…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Rahul Chakraborty , Aranya Chakrabortty , Evangelos Farantatos , Mahendra Patel , Hossein Hooshyar , Atena Darvishi

Conventional inertia control strategies (i.e., the VSG-based and PD-based strategies) for the fast frequency regulation resources (FFRs) might lead to system oscillations due to their emulations of generator dynamics. The only-droop-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-02 Ye Liu , Chen Shen

Cognitive radio (CR) systems allow opportunistic, secondary users (SUs) to access portions of the spectrum that are unused by the network's licensed primary users (PUs), provided that the induced interference does not compromise the primary…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-03 Salvatore D'Oro , Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Aris L. Moustakas , Sergio Palazzo

This paper focuses on the problem of energy imbalance management in amicrogrid. The problem is investigated from the power market perspective. Unlike the traditional power grid, a microgrid can obtain extra energy froma renewable energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Wei-Yu Chiu , Hongjian Sun , H. Vincent Poor

The energetic flexibility of electric energy resources can be exploited when trading on wholesale energy and ancillary service markets. This paper considers the problem of a Balance Responsible Party to maximize its profit from trading on…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Fabian L. Müller , Stefan Woerner , John Lygeros

The regional inertia, which determines the regional rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), should be kept in a secure status in renewable-penetrated power systems. To break away from mapping the regional maximum RoCoF with regional inertia in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Jiahao Liu , Cheng Wang , Tianshu Bi

Flexible ramping products (FRPs) emerge as a promising instrument for addressing steep and uncertain ramping needs through market mechanisms. Initial implementations of FRPs in North American electricity markets, however, revealed several…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Ogun Yurdakul , Erik Ela , Farhad Billimoria

This paper studies the problem of frequency regulation in power grids under unknown and possible time-varying load changes, while minimizing the generation costs. We formulate this problem as an output agreement problem for distribution…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-10-01 Sebastian Trip , Mathias Bürger , Claudio De Persis

This letter proposes and evaluates the performance of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted source multiuser mixed radio frequency (RF)/free space optical (FSO) relay network with opportunistic user scheduling. Closed-form…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Anas M. Salhab , Liang Yang

The increasing penetration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources (NS-RES) alters the dynamic characteristic, and consequently, the frequency behaviour of a power system. To accurately identify these changing trends and address them in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar , Shariq Riaz , Gregor Verbic , Archie Chapman , David J. Hill

Increased penetration of inverter-connected renewable energy sources (RES) in the power system has resulted in a decrease in available rotational inertia which serves as an immediate response to frequency deviation due to disturbances. The…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Atinuke Ademola-Idowu , Baosen Zhang

The problem of multi-area interchange scheduling under system uncertainty is considered. A new scheduling technique is proposed for a multi-proxy bus system based on stochastic optimization that captures uncertainty in renewable generation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-16 Yuting Ji , Lang Tong

In high-renewable power systems, active-power disturbances are becoming larger and exhibit increasingly diverse time scales, which complicates frequency stability assessment under unanticipated events. This paper presents a response-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-27 Jinhui Chen , Huadong Sun , Ping Wu , Baocai Wang , Bing Zhao

This paper developed a novel control approach for the sparse and safe frequency regulation for inverter intensive microgrids (MGs). In the scenario, the inverters and external grids are expected to reach a synchronized desired frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-12 Junhui Zhang , Lizhi Ding , Xiaonan Lu , Wenyuan Tang

With the increasing penetration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), power system stability constraints must be incorporated into the operational framework, transforming it into stability-constrained optimization. Currently, there exist…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Wangkun Xu , Zhongda Chu , Florin Capitanescu , Fei Teng

The rapid integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) into power systems has identified frequency security challenges due to reduced inertia and increased load volatility. This paper proposes a robust power reserve decision-making…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Xiang Zhu , Hua Geng , Hongyang Qing , Guangchun , Ruan , Xiuqiang He

In an electric power system, demand fluctuations may result in significant ancillary cost to suppliers. Furthermore, in the near future, deep penetration of volatile renewable electricity generation is expected to exacerbate the variability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-07-13 John N. Tsitsiklis , Yunjian Xu

Power system restoration following blackouts must ensure frequency stability throughout the recovery process. This paper proposes a frequency-constrained mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) framework for black-start restoration planning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Xiangyu Zou , Amir Reza Nikzad , Ilyas Farhat , John W. Simpson-Porco

The large-scale integration of inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources presents significant challenges to maintaining power balance and nominal frequency in modern power systems. This paper studies grid-level coordinated control of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Xiaoyang Wang , Xin Chen

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources exacerbates the spatial and temporal differences in frequency across the power system, posing a serious challenge to the accurate and efficient assessment of system frequency security.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Changjun He , Hua Geng , Xiuqiang He , Chen Shen , Yushuang Liu
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