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For any link and for any modulus $m$ we introduce an equivalence relation on the set of non-trivial m-colorings of the link (an m-coloring has values in Z/mZ). Given a diagram of the link, the equivalence class of a non-trivial m-coloring…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-05-11 Jun Ge , Slavik Jablan , Louis H. Kauffman , Pedro Lopes

The problem of determining the number of "flooding operations" required to make a given coloured graph monochromatic in the one-player combinatorial game Flood-It has been studied extensively from an algorithmic point of view, but basic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Kitty Meeks , Dominik K. Vu

Recently, Van Hoeve proposed an algorithm for graph coloring based on an integer flow formulation on decision diagrams for stable sets. We prove that the solution to the linear flow relaxation on exact decision diagrams determines the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-06 Timo Brand , Stephan Held

An urn contains balls of d colors. At each time, a ball is drawn and then replaced together with a random number of balls of the same color. Assuming that some colors are dominated by others, we prove central limit theorems. Some…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-07-06 Patrizia Berti , Irene Crimaldi , Luca Pratelli , Pietro Rigo

We explore a general method based on trees of elementary submodels in order to present highly simplified proofs to numerous results in infinite combinatorics. While countable elementary submodels have been employed in such settings already,…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-02-06 Dániel T. Soukup , Lajos Soukup

In this paper we consider a colouring version of the general position problem. The \emph{$\gp $-chromatic number} is the smallest number of colours needed to colour the vertices of the graph such that each colour class has the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Ullas Chandran S. V. , Gabriele Di Stefano , Haritha S. , Elias John Thomas , James Tuite

Consider a two-player game between players Builder and Painter. Painter begins the game by picking a coloring of the edges of $K_n$, which is hidden from Builder. In each round, Builder points to an edge and Painter reveals its color.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Joseph Briggs , Christopher Cox

We study 2-player impartial games, so called \emph{invariant subtraction games}, of the type, given a set of allowed moves the players take turn in moving one single piece on a large Chess board towards the position $\boldsymbol 0$. Here,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-23 Urban Larsson

We study compositions whose parts are colored by subsequences of the Fibonacci numbers. We give explicit bijections between Fibonacci colored compositions and several combinatorial objects, including certain restricted ternary and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-15 Juan B. Gil , Jessica A. Tomasko

A class of discrete Bidding Combinatorial Games that generalize alternating normal play was introduced by Kant, Larsson, Rai, and Upasany (2022). The major questions concerning optimal outcomes were resolved. By generalizing standard game…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Prem Kant , Urban Larsson , Ravi K. Rai , Akshay V. Upasany

We consider the complexity of problems related to the combinatorial game Free-Flood-It, in which players aim to make a coloured graph monochromatic with the minimum possible number of flooding operations. Although computing the minimum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Kitty Meeks , Alexander Scott

Normally a chess problem must have a unique solution, and is deemed unsound even if there are alternatives that differ only in the order in which the same moves are played. In an enumerative chess problem, the set of moves in the solution…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Noam D. Elkies

The domatic number of a graph is the maximum number of pairwise disjoint dominating sets admitted by the graph. We introduce a game based around this graph invariant. The domatic number game is played on a graph $G$ by two players, Alice…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Bert L. Hartnell , Douglas F. Rall

The clique chromatic number of a graph is the minimum number of colours needed to colour its vertices so that no inclusion-wise maximal clique which is not an isolated vertex is monochromatic. We show that every graph of maximum degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-13 Gwenaël Joret , Piotr Micek , Bruce Reed , Michiel Smid

We address the problem of finding harmonic colors, this problem has many applications, from fashion to industrial design. In order to solve this problem we consider that colors follow normal distributions in tone (chroma and lightness) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Carlos Lara-Alvarez , Tania Reyes

The slow-coloring game is played by Lister and Painter on a graph $G$. On each round, Lister marks a nonempty subset $M$ of the remaining vertices, scoring $|M|$ points. Painter then gives a color to a subset of $M$ that is independent in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-04 Gregory J. Puleo , Douglas B. West

We apply several quantization schemes to simple versions of the Chinos game. Classically, for two players with one coin each, there is a symmetric stable strategy that allows each player to win half of the times on average. A partial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 F. Guinea , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Let A be a finite subset of $\nat$. Then NIM(A;n) is the following 2-player game: initially there are $n$ stones on the board and the players alternate removing $a\in A$ stones. The first player who cannot move loses. This game has been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-13 William Gasarch , John Purtilo , Douglas Ulrich

In graph coloring problems, the goal is to assign a positive integer color to each vertex of an input graph such that adjacent vertices do not receive the same color assignment. For classic graph coloring, the goal is to minimize the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Joan Boyar , Leah Epstein , Lene M. Favrholdt , Kim S. Larsen , Asaf Levin

As a fundamental metric for quantifying quantum advantage in non-local games, the quantum chromatic number reveals the power of entanglement in distributed tasks. In this paper, we investigate this parameter for $q$-ary Hamming graphs and a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Xiwang Cao , Keqin Feng , Hexiang Huang , Yulin Yang , Zihao Zhang