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Energy parity games are infinite two-player turn-based games played on weighted graphs. The objective of the game combines a (qualitative) parity condition with the (quantitative) requirement that the sum of the weights (i.e., the level of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-04-04 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen

We investigate the increasingly important and common game-solving setting where we do not have an explicit description of the game but only oracle access to it through gameplay, such as in financial or military simulations and computer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Carlos Martin , Tuomas Sandholm

Policy-based methods with function approximation are widely used for solving two-player zero-sum games with large state and/or action spaces. However, it remains elusive how to obtain optimization and statistical guarantees for such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Yulai Zhao , Yuandong Tian , Jason D. Lee , Simon S. Du

Similar to the role of Markov decision processes in reinforcement learning, Stochastic Games (SGs) lay the foundation for the study of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and sequential agent interactions. In this paper, we derive…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Xiaotie Deng , Ningyuan Li , David Mguni , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

This paper introduces alignment games, a new class of zero-sum games modeling strategic interventions where effectiveness depends on alignment with an underlying hidden state. Motivated by operational problems in medical diagnostics,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Pedro Cesar Lopes Gerum , Thomas Lidbetter

We establish that the subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE) threshold problem for mean-payoff games is NP-complete. While the SPE threshold problem was recently shown to be decidable (in doubly exponential time) and NP-hard, its exact worst…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Léonard Brice , Jean-François Raskin , Marie van den Bogaard

Richman games are zero-sum games, where in each turn players bid in order to determine who will play next [Lazarus et al.'99]. We extend the theory to impartial general-sum two player games called \emph{bidding games}, showing the existence…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Gil Kalai , Reshef Meir , Moshe Tennenholtz

Classical objectives in two-player zero-sum games played on graphs often deal with limit behaviors of infinite plays: e.g., mean-payoff and total-payoff in the quantitative setting, or parity in the qualitative one (a canonical way to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-21 Véronique Bruyère , Quentin Hautem , Mickael Randour

We consider two-player random extensive form games where the payoffs at the leaves are independently drawn uniformly at random from a given feasible set C. We study the asymptotic distribution of the subgame perfect equilibrium outcome for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-09 Itai Arieli , Yakov Babichenko

A two-player one-round binary game consists of two cooperative players who each replies by one bit to a message that he receives privately; they win the game if both questions and answers satisfy some predetermined property. A game is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-22 Salman Beigi

Using methods from the statistical mechanics of disordered systems we analyze the properties of bimatrix games with random payoffs in the limit where the number of pure strategies of each player tends to infinity. We analytically calculate…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Johannes Berg

This paper presents a technique for approximating, up to any precision, the set of subgame-perfect equilibria (SPE) in discounted repeated games. The process starts with a single hypercube approximation of the set of SPE. Then the initial…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2010-02-10 Andriy Burkov , Brahim Chaib-draa

A variety of practical problems can be modeled by the decision-making process in multi-player games where a group of self-interested players aim at optimizing their own local objectives, while the objectives depend on the actions taken by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-09 Yuanhanqing Huang , Jianghai Hu

Gameplay under various forms of uncertainty has been widely studied. Feldman et al. (2010) studied a particularly low-information setting in which one observes the opponent's actions but no payoffs, not even one's own, and introduced an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Avrim Blum , Melissa Dutz

We study the deterministic and randomized query complexity of finding approximate equilibria in bimatrix games. We show that the deterministic query complexity of finding an $\epsilon$-Nash equilibrium when $\epsilon < \frac{1}{2}$ is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-13 John Fearnley , Rahul Savani

We study a setting in which two players play a (possibly approximate) Nash equilibrium of a bimatrix game, while a learner observes only their actions and has no knowledge of the equilibrium or the underlying game. A natural question is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Annalisa Barbara , Riccardo Poiani , Martino Bernasconi , Andrea Celli

This paper proves several Tauberian theorems for general iterations of operators, and provides two applications to zero-sum stochastic games where the total payoff is a weighted sum of the stage payoffs. The first application is to provide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Bruno Ziliotto

This paper studies random reshuffling (RR)-based distributed Nash equilibrium seeking for noncooperative games. The game is motivated as a sample-average approximation of an underlying expected-value stochastic game, while the algorithmic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Jun Hu , Chao Sun , Chen Bo , Jianzheng Wang , Zheming Wang

We present a polynomial-time reduction from max-plus-average constraints to the feasibility problem for semidefinite programs. This shows that Condon's simple stochastic games, stochastic mean payoff games, and in particular mean payoff…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Manuel Bodirsky , Georg Loho , Mateusz Skomra

Priced timed games (PTGs) are two-player zero-sum games played on the infinite graph of configurations of priced timed automata where two players take turns to choose transitions in order to optimize cost to reach target states. Bouyer et…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Thomas Brihaye , Gilles Geeraerts , Shankara Narayanan Krishna , Lakshmi Manasa , Benjamin Monmege , Ashutosh Trivedi