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The cordiality game is played on a graph $G$ by two players, Admirable (A) and Impish (I), who take turns selecting \track{unlabeled} vertices of $G$. Admirable labels the selected vertices by $0$ and Impish by $1$, and the resulting label…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Elliot Krop , Aryan Mittal , Michael C. Wigal

The domatic number of a graph is the maximum number of pairwise disjoint dominating sets admitted by the graph. We introduce a game based around this graph invariant. The domatic number game is played on a graph $G$ by two players, Alice…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Bert L. Hartnell , Douglas F. Rall

A card guessing game is played between two players, Guesser and Dealer. At the beginning of the game, the Dealer holds a deck of $n$ cards (labeled $1, ..., n$). For $n$ turns, the Dealer draws a card from the deck, the Guesser guesses…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Boaz Menuhin , Moni Naor

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. A ordered deck of n cards labeled 1 up to n is riffle-shuffled exactly one time. Then, the goal of the game is to maximize the number of correct guesses of the cards, where one after…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-31 Markus Kuba , Alois Panholzer

We revisit the classic 'guess my number' game and extend it from its familiar binary form to representations in any integer base. For each base we derive formulas for the number of cards needed to identify a given integer and, conversely,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Guglielmo Vesco

Consider the following one player game. A deck containing $m$ copies of $n$ different card types is shuffled uniformly at random. Each round the player tries to guess the next card in the deck, and then the card is revealed and discarded.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Sam Spiro

Suppose that a transmitter Alice potentially wishes to communicate with a receiver Bob over an adversarially jammed binary channel. An active adversary James eavesdrops on their communication over a binary symmetric channel (BSC(q)), and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Qiaosheng Zhang , Mayank Bakshi , Sidharth Jaggi

In simple card games, cards are dealt one at a time and the player guesses each card sequentially. We study problems where feedback (e.g. correct/incorrect) is given after each guess. For decks with repeated values (as in blackjack where…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Persi Diaconis , Ron Graham , Sam Spiro

Quantum resources may provide advantage over their classical counterparts. Theoretically, in certain tasks, this advantage can be very high. In this work, we construct such a task based on a game, mediated by Referee and played between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-16 Saronath Halder , Alexander Streltsov , Manik Banik

We consider a card guessing game with complete feedback. An ordered deck of $n$ cards labeled $1$ up to $n$ is riffle-shuffled exactly one time. Given a value $p\in(0{,}1)\setminus\{\frac12\}$, the riffle shuffle is assumed to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Markus Kuba

We propose a new Quantum Key Distribution method in which Alice sends pairs of qubits to Bob, each in one of four possible states. Bob uses one qubit to generate a secure key and the other to generate an auxiliary key. For each pair he…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-01 Mohd Asad Siddiqui , Tabish Qureshi

Several protocols for controlled teleportation were suggested by Yang, Chu, and Han [PRA 70, 022329 (2004)]. In these protocols, Alice teleports qubits (in an unknown state) to Bob iff a controller allows it. We view this problem in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dan Kenigsberg , Tal Mor

Suppose Alice wants to perform some computation that could be done quickly on a quantum computer, but she cannot do universal quantum computation. Bob can do universal quantum computation and claims he is willing to help, but Alice wants to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-20 Andrew M. Childs

Consider a scenario where Alice wishes to send a message $m$ to Bob in a time-slotted wireless network. However, there exists an adversary, Carol, who aims to prevent the transmission of $m$ by jamming the communication channel. There is a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-22 Valerie King , Seth Pettie , Jared Saia , Maxwell Young

Recently, Shi et al. (Phys. Rev. A, 2015) proposed Quantum Oblivious Set Member Decision Protocol (QOSMDP) where two legitimate parties, namely Alice and Bob, play a game. Alice has a secret $k$ and Bob has a set $\{k_1,k_2,\cdots k_n\}$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-28 Arpita Maitra

We present a scheme for direct and confidential communication between Alice and Bob, where there is no need for establishing a shared secret key first, and where the key used by Alice even will become known publicly. The communication is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Almut Beige , Berthold-Georg Englert , Christian Kurtsiefer , Harald Weinfurter

A graceful labeling of a graph $G$ with $m$ edges consists of labeling the vertices of $G$ with distinct integers from $0$ to $m$ such that, when each edge is assigned as induced label the absolute difference of the labels of its endpoints,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Luisa Frickes , Simone Dantas , Atílio G. Luiz

This paper considers a game-theoretic formulation of the covert communications problem with finite blocklength, where the transmitter (Alice) can randomly vary her transmit power in different blocks, while the warden (Willie) can randomly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Alex S. Leong , Daniel E. Quevedo , Subhrakanti Dey

It is known that if two players achieve a superclassical score at a nonlocal game $G$, then their outputs are certifiably random - that is, regardless of the strategy used by the players, a third party will not be able to perfectly predict…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-09 Carl A. Miller , Yaoyun Shi

We introduce a gossip-like protocol for covert message passing between Alice and Bob as they move in an area watched over by a warden Willie. The area hosts a multitude of Internet of (Battlefield) Things (Io\b{eta}T) objects. Alice and Bob…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Pei Peng , Emina Soljanin