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This is the second part of a two-part investigation. We continue the study of a class of balanced urn schemes on balls of two colors (white and black). At each drawing, a sample of size $m\ge 1$ is drawn from the urn and ball addition rules…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-01 Markus Kuba , Hosam M. Mahmoud

We introduce a modification of the generalized P\'olya urn model containing two urns and we study the number of balls $B_j(n)$ of a given color $j\in\{1,\ldots,J\}$, $J\in\mathbb{N}$ added to the urns after $n$ draws. We provide sufficient…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Konrad Kolesko , Ecaterina Sava-Huss

We consider interacting urns on a finite directed network, where both sampling and reinforcement processes depend on the nodes of the network. This extends previous research by incorporating node-dependent sampling and reinforcement. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Gursharn Kaur , Neeraja Sahasrabudhe

The random self-reinforcement mechanism, characterized by the principle of ``the rich get richer'', has demonstrated significant utility across various domains. One prominent model embodying this mechanism is the random reinforcement urn…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Li Yang , Jiang Hu , Jianghao Li , Zhidong Bai

Interacting urns with exponential reinforcement were introduced and studied in Launay (2011). As its parameter $\rho$ tends to $\iy$, this reinforcement mechanism converges to the "generalized" reinforcement, in which the probability of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-25 Mickaël Launay , Vlada Limic

In order to study how well a finite group might be generated by repeated random multiplications, P. Diaconis suggested the following urn model. An urn contains some balls labeled by elements which generate a group G. Two are drawn at random…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aaron Abrams , Henry Landau , Zeph Landau , James Pommersheim , Eric Zaslow

We introduce a general two colour interacting urn model on a finite directed graph, where each urn at a node, reinforces all the urns in its out-neighbours according to a fixed, non-negative and balanced reinforcement matrix. We show that…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Gursharn Kaur , Neeraja Sahasrabudhe

We present a multiple colour generalisation of the model of graph interacting urns studied by Benaim et. al., Random Struct. Alg., 46: 614-634, 2015. We show that for complete graphs and for a broad class of reinforcement functions…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Benito Pires , Rafael A. Rosales

This article deals with some stochastic population protocols, motivated by theoretical aspects of distributed computing. We modelize the problem by a large urn of black and white balls from which at every time unit a fixed number of balls…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-12-07 Marie Albenque , Lucas Gerin

We consider the generalization of the P\'olya urn scheme with possibly infinite many colors as introduced in \cite{Th-Thesis, BaTH2014, BaTh2016, BaTh2017}. For countable many colors, we prove almost sure convergence of the urn…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Antar Bandyopadhyay , Svante Janson , Debleena Thacker

We consider a version of the classical Ehrenfest urn model with two urns and two types of balls: regular and heavy. Each ball is selected independently according to a Poisson process having rate $1$ for regular balls and rate…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-12 Matteo Quattropani

The generalized P\`olya urn (GPU) models and their variants have been investigated in several disciplines. However, typical assumptions made with respect to the GPU do not include urn models with diagonal replacement matrix, which arise in…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-02-24 Andrea Ghiglietti , Anand N. Vidyashankar , William F. Rosenberger

In responding to a question on Math Stackexchange, the author formulated the problem of determining the number of strings of balls colored in most $n$ colors with a number $k$ of repeated colors. In this paper, we formulate the problem more…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-22 Jeremy M. Dover

Set-coloring a graph means giving each vertex a subset of a fixed color set so that no two adjacent subsets have the same cardinality. When the graph is complete one gets a new distribution problem with an interesting generating function.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas Zaslavsky

P{\'o}lya urns are urns where at each unit of time a ball is drawn and is replaced with some other balls according to its colour. We introduce a more general model: The replacement rule depends on the colour of the drawn ball and the value…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Cyril Banderier , Philippe Marchal , Michael Wallner

We study an urn process with two urns, initialized with a ball each. Balls are added sequentially, the urn being chosen independently with probability proportional to the $\alpha^{th}$ power $(\alpha >1)$ of the existing number of balls. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Svante Janson , Subhabrata Sen , Joel Spencer

Sharp, nonasymptotic bounds are obtained for the relative entropy between the distributions of sampling with and without replacement from an urn with balls of $c\geq 2$ colors. Our bounds are asymptotically tight in certain regimes and,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Oliver Johnson , Lampros Gavalakis , Ioannis Kontoyiannis

Early investigation of P\'{o}lya urns considered drawing balls one at a time. In the last two decades, several authors considered multiple drawing in each step, but mostly for schemes on two colors. In this manuscript, we consider multiple…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Joshua Sparks , Markus Kuba , Srinivasan Balaji , Hosam Mahmoud

We study the number of white balls in a classical P\'olya urn model with the additional feature that, at random times, a black ball is added to the urn. The number of draws between these random times are i.i.d. and, under certain moment…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Erol Peköz , Adrian Röllin , Nathan Ross

We consider a two-color P\'{o}lya urn in the case when a fixed number $S$ of balls is added at each step. Assume it is a large urn that is, the second eigenvalue $m$ of the replacement matrix satisfies $1/2<m/S\leq1$. After $n$ drawings,…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-12-30 Brigitte Chauvin , Nicolas Pouyanne , Reda Sahnoun