English

Slowly decaying averages and fat towers

Dynamical Systems 2016-09-20 v1

Abstract

Let (X,Σ,m,τ)(X,\Sigma,m,\tau) be an ergodic system, that is, (X,Σ,m)(X, \Sigma, m) is a probability space and τ:XX\tau: X \to X is an invertible ergodic mm-preserving transformation. For a function f:XRf:X\to\mathbb R, let ANfA_Nf denote the NNth ergodic average, ANf(x)=1N(f(x)++τN1f(x))A_Nf(x)=\frac{1}{N}\cdot (f(x)+\dots+\tau^ {N-1}f(x)). Martin Barlow (personal communication) asked the following question, which arose from the work of a student (Zichun Ye) on interface models. Question: If f(x)0f(x) \ge 0 is integrable, and N(x)=min{n:Akf(x)2ffor allkn}N(x) = \min \{n: A_kf(x) \le 2 \int f \text{for all} k \ge n\}, is it the case that N(x)N(x) is also integrable? In this note we show that the answer to this Question is no in general, even for bounded functions. In so doing we discover that every ergodic system has a special sort of Kakutani tower which we call a fat tower.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1609.05560,
  title  = {Slowly decaying averages and fat towers},
  author = {James T. Campbell and Máté Wierdl},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.05560},
  year   = {2016}
}

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9 pages