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We establish a relation between the solution of a relativistic bound state equation in quantum mechanics and the field representation of a bound state with the aid of creation and annihilation operators. We show that a bound system can be…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 L. Micu

It was shown that quantum mechanical qubit states as elements of two dimensional complex space can be generalized to elements of even subalgebra of geometric (Clifford) algebra over Euclidian space. The construction critically depends on…

综合物理 · 物理学 2015-09-15 Alexander M. Soiguine

In this thesis we consider primarily the dynamics of quantum systems subjected to continuous observation. In the Schr\"{o}dinger picture the evolution of a continuously monitored quantum system, referred to as a `quantum trajectory', may be…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-09-25 K. Jacobs

Several years ago the so-called quantum geometrodynamics in extended phase space was proposed. The main role in this version of quantum geometrodynamics is given to a wave function that carries information about geometry of the Universe as…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 T. P. Shestakova

The underlying philosophy and motivation for quantum hadrodynamics (QHD), namely, relativistic field theories of nuclear phenomena featuring manifest covariance, have evolved over the last quarter century in response to successes, failures,…

核理论 · 物理学 2007-05-23 R. J. Furnstahl , Brian D. Serot

The descriptions of the quantum realm and the macroscopic classical world differ significantly not only in their mathematical formulations but also in their foundational concepts and philosophical consequences. When and how physical systems…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-12-02 Johannes Kofler

In this report, we study the reduced conditional dynamics of a quantum system in the case of indirect quantum measurement. The detectors microscopic part (pointer) interacts with the measured system (target) and the environment, which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-11-06 George Miroshnichenko , Alexander Trifanov

In this paper, we extend the standard formalism of quantum mechanics to a quantum theory for a total system including one internal measuring apparatus. The internality of the measuring apparatus implies that different decomposition of a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-05-17 Wen-ge Wang

Quantum measurement is a physical process. What physical resources and constraints does quantum mechanics require for measurement to produce the classical world we observe? Treating measurement as a fully unitary quantum process, our goal…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-09 Vishal Johnson , Ashmeet Singh , Reimar Leike , Philipp Frank , Torsten Enßlin

Three postulates are discussed: first that well-defined properties cannot be assigned to an isolated system, secondly that quantum unitary evolution is atemporal, and thirdly that some physical processes are never reversed. It is argued…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Andrew M. Steane

In quantum experiments the acquisition and representation of basic experimental information is governed by the multinomial probability distribution. There exist unique random variables, whose standard deviation becomes asymptotically…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-08-23 Johann Summhammer

In modern quantum information theory one deals with an idealized situation when the spacetime dependence of quantum phenomena is neglected. However the transmission and processing of (quantum) information is a physical process in spacetime.…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-09-08 Igor V. Volovich

Measurements on a quantum particle unavoidably affect its state, since the otherwise unitary evolution of the system is interrupted by a non-unitary projection operation. In order to probe measurement-induced effects in the state dynamics…

The evolution of a measured system and an experimental apparatus is presented in an unified form. Conditions under which the state of such a total system forms, evaluates and declines from a superposition of states are defined. The problem…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-09-26 Janusz Gluza , Jerzy Kosek

This paper proposes an intrinsic or background-independent quantum framework based on entangled state rather than absolute quantum state, it describes a quantum relative state between the under-study quantum system and the quantum measuring…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-13 M. J. Luo

Protective measurements yield properties of the quantum state of a single quantum system without affecting the quantum state. A protective measurement involves adiabatic coupling to the measuring device together with a procedure to protect…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2009-10-28 Yakir Aharonov , Lev Vaidman

The requirement of general covariance of quantum field theory (QFT) naturally leads to quantization based on the manifestly covariant De Donder-Weyl formalism. To recover the standard noncovariant formalism without violating covariance,…

高能物理 - 理论 · 物理学 2008-11-26 H. Nikolic

Relativistic quantum mechanics can be considered to have begun with a search for wave equations corresponding to each intrinsic spin. However, relativistic quantum physics differs fundamentally from the non-relativistic wave mechanics. It…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2026-03-09 Urjit A. Yajnik

The quantum fluctuations of a physical property can be observed in the measurement statistics of any measurement that is at least partially sensitive to that physical property. Quantum theory indicates that the effective distribution of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-12-25 Holger F. Hofmann

A projective quantum logic in terms of relative states is developed, emphasizing the importance of information transfer between a system under study and its environment. The need for accounting for the historical evolution of system is…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-13 Martin Paul Vaughan
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