相关论文: Quantum Coin Tossing

The security of quantum exam [Phys. Lett. A 350 (2006) 174] is analyzed and it is found that this protocol is secure for any eavesdropper except for the "students" who take part in the exam. Specifically, any student can steal other…

Quantum cryptography can, in principle, provide unconditional security guaranteed by the law of physics only. Here, we survey the theory and practice of the subject and highlight some recent developments.

Weak coin flipping is among the fundamental cryptographic primitives which ensure the security of modern communication networks. It allows two mistrustful parties to remotely agree on a random bit when they favor opposite outcomes. Unlike…

We present a quantum protocol for the task of weak coin flipping. We find that, for one choice of parameters in the protocol, the maximum probability of a dishonest party winning the coin flip if the other party is honest is 1/sqrt(2). We…

It is believed that superselection rules in quantum mechanics can restrict the possible operation on a qbit. If this was true, the model used by Mayers for the impossibility of bit commitment and by Kitaev for the impossibility of coin…

It has been widely claimed and believed that many protocols in quantum key distribution, especially the single-photon BB84 protocol, have been proved unconditionally secure at least in principle, for both asymptotic and finite protocols…

While unconditionally secure bit commitment (BC) is considered impossible within the quantum framework, it can be obtained under relativistic or experimental constraints. Here we study whether such BC can lead to secure quantum oblivious…

Mochon's proof [Moc07] of existence of quantum weak coin flipping with arbitrarily small bias is a fundamental result in quantum cryptography, but at the same time one of the least understood. Though used several times as a black box in…

Unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment (QBC) was widely believed to be impossible for more than two decades. But recently, based on an anomalous behavior found in quantum steering, we proposed a QBC protocol which can be…

Honesty has never been scientifically proved to be the best policy in any case. It is pointed out that only honest person can prevent his dishonest partner to bias the outcome of quantum coin tossing.

The use of quantum bits (qubits) in cryptography holds the promise of secure cryptographic quantum key distribution schemes. Unfortunately, the implemented schemes can be totally insecure. We provide a thorough investigation of security…

We introduce relativistic multi-party biased die rolling protocols, generalizing coin flipping to $M \geq 2$ parties and to $N \geq 2$ outcomes for any chosen outcome biases, and show them unconditionally secure. Our results prove that the…

We spell out details of a simple argument for a security bound for the secure relativistic quantum bit commitment protocol of Ref. [1].

Quantum gambling --- a secure remote two-party protocol which has no classical counterpart --- is demonstrated through optical approach. A photon is prepared by Alice in a superposition state of two potential paths. Then one path leads to…

We generalize the problem of coin flipping to more than two outcomes and parties. We term this problem dice rolling, and study both its weak and strong variants. We prove by construction that in quantum settings (i) weak N-sided dice…

The laws of quantum mechanics allow unconditionally secure key distribution protocols. Nevertheless, security proofs of traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols rely on a crucial assumption, the trustworthiness of the quantum…

A protocol for quantum bit commitment is proposed. The protocol is feasible with present technology and is secure against cheaters with unlimited computing power as long as the sender does not have the technology to store an EPR particle…

So far, most of existed single-shot quantum coin flipping(QCF) protocols failed in a noisy quantum channel. Here, we present a nested-structured framework that makes it possible to achieve partially noise-tolerant QCF, due to that there is…

Quantum computing has the power to break current cryptographic systems, disrupting online banking, shopping, data storage and communications. Quantum computing also has the power to support stronger more resistant technologies. In this…

Owing to its fundamental principles, quantum theory holds the promise to enhance the security of modern cryptography, from message encryption to anonymous communication, digital signatures, online banking, leader election, one-time…