相关论文: Expectation Value in Bell's Theorem

The conjecture is made that quantum mechanics is compatible with local hidden variables (or local realism). The conjecture seems to be ruled out by the theoretical argument of Bell, but it is supported by the empirical fact that nobody has…

On one side, so far a great part of the evidence accepted as proof of the alleged quantum non-locality relied on inhomogeneous Bell inequalities involving an additional assumption (no-enhancement) whose role had not been sufficiently…

The algebraic derivation of the numerical limits of Bell inequalities in either three or four random variables is independent of the assumption of randomness.The limits of the inequalities follow as mathematical consequences of their…

In this work a general relativistic generalization of Bell inequality is suggested. Namely,it is proved that practically in any general relativistic metric there is a generalization of Bell inequality.It can be satisfied within theories of…

In the derivation of Bell's inequalities, probability distribution is supposed to be a function of only hidden variable. We point out that the true implication of the probability distribution of Bell's correlation function is the…

Quantum correlations that violate the Bell inequality cannot be explained by any (measurement independent) local hidden variable theory. However, the violation only implies incompatibility of the underlying assumptions of reality, locality,…

It is widely accepted that the violation of Bell inequalities excludes local theories of the quantum realm. This paper presents a new derivation of the inequalities from non-trivial non-local theories and formulates a stronger Bell argument…

One of the conclusions that Bell drew from his famous inequality was that any hidden variable theory that satisfies Local Causality is incompatible with the predictions of Quantum Mechanics for Bell's Experiment. However, Local Causality…

The new axiom in set theory, axiom of the empty sets, allows another way to formulate Bell inequality in quantum mechanics. The new axiom emerges from the historical and philosophical analysis of set theory.

Based on the new general framework for the probabilistic description of experiments, introduced in quant-ph/0305126, quant-ph/0312199, we analyze in mathematical terms the link between the validity of Bell-type inequalities under joint…

We formulate the expectation value of the Bell-Zukowski operator acting on qubit states of a two-particle Bell experiment. By using the equivalence between a set of N copies of a two-qubit experiment and a standard two-setting Bell…

We will show for undergraduate and graduate students of physics that Quantum Mechanics is an incomplete and non-local theory. The problem of non-locality is discussed by analyzing the Bell's theorem where are considered correlations between…

A recent Nature Physics editorial (Nat. Phys. (2022) 18, 961) falsely claims ``any theory that uses hidden variables still requires non-local physics.'' We correct this claim and explain why it is important to get this right.

Violations of Bell inequalities in classical optics have been demonstrated in terms of field mean intensities and correlations, however, the quantum meaning of violations point to statistics and probabilities. We present a violation of Bell…

Bell inequalities are intended to show that local realist theories cannot describe the world. A local realist theory is one where physical properties are defined prior to and independent of measurement, and no physical influence can…

Incompatibility of observables, or measurements, is one of the key features of quantum mechanics, related, among other concepts, to Heisenberg's uncertainty relations and Bell nonlocality. In this manuscript we show, however, that even…

The basic Leggett inequalities, i.e. those inequalities in which the particular assumptions of Leggett's hidden-variable model (e.g. Malus law) were not yet introduced, are usually derived using hidden-variable distributions of…

Time has a fundamentally different character in quantum mechanics and in general relativity. In quantum theory events unfold in a fixed time order while in general relativity temporal order is influenced by the distribution of matter. When…

A concise and self-contained introduction to the Bell inequality in relativistic Quantum Field Theory is presented. Taking the example of a real scalar massive field, the violation of the Bell inequality in the vacuum state and for causal…

Counterfactual definiteness must be used as at least one of the postulates or axioms that are necessary to derive Bell-type inequalities. It is considered by many to be a postulate that is not only commensurate with classical physics (as…