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A quantum key distribution protocol based on quantum encryption is presented in this Brief Report. In this protocol, the previously shared Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs act as the quantum key to encode and decode the classical cryptography…
With the advantages of both classical and quantum secret sharing, many practical hybrid quantum secret sharing have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a hybrid quantum secret sharing scheme based on mutually unbiased bases and…
Distinguishability of photons in non-operational degrees of freedom compromises unconditional security of quantum key distribution since an eavesdropper can improve attack strategies by exploiting this distinguishability. However, the…
In this paper we present the quantum control attack on quantum key distribution systems. The cornerstone of the attack is that Eve can use unitary (polar) decomposition of her positive-operator valued measure elements, which allows her to…
We study the problem of joint communication and detection of wiretapping on an optical fiber from a quantum perspective. Our system model describes a communication link that is capable of transmitting data under normal operating conditions…
One of the challenges in practical quantum key distribution is dealing with efficiency mismatch between different threshold single-photon detectors. There are known bounds for the secret key rate for the BB84 protocol with…
We show an eavesdropping scheme on Bostr\UNICODE{0xf6}m-Felbinger communication protocol (called ping-pong protocol) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)] in an ideal quantum channel. A measurement attack can be perfectly used to eavesdrop…
The eavesdropping scheme proposed by W\'{o}jcik [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 90},157901(2003)] on the ping-pong protocol [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 89}, 187902(2002)] is improved by constituting a new set of attack operations. The improved scheme has…
We develop an improvement to the weak laser pulse BB84 scheme for quantum key distribution, which utilizes entanglement to improve the security of the scheme and enhance its resilience to the photon-number-splitting attack. This protocol…
By analogy to classical cryptography, we develop a "quantum public key" based cryptographic scheme in which the two public and private keys consist in each of two entangled beams of squeezed light. An analog message is encrypted by…
We study the robustness of various protocols for quantum key distribution. We first consider the case of qutrits and study quantum protocols that employ two and three mutually unbiased bases. We then derive the optimal eavesdropping…
We present an experimental demonstration of a quantum key distribution protocol using coherent polarization states. Post selection is used to ensure a low error rate and security against beam splitting attacks even in the presence of high…
Recently proposed quantum key distribution protocols are shown to be vulnerable to a classic man-in-the-middle attack using entangled pairs created by Eve. It appears that the attack could be applied to any protocol that relies on…
Given a communication system using quantum key distribution, the receiver can be seen as one who tries to guess the sender's information just as potential eavesdroppers do. The receiver-eavesdropper similarity thus implies a simple relation…
Starting from Barnum's recent proposal to use entanglement and catalysis for quantum secure identification [quant-ph/9910072], we describe a protocol for quantum authentication and authenticated quantum key distribution. We argue that our…
Proof of security of cryptographic protocols theoretically establishes the strength of a protocol and the constraints under which it can perform, it does not take into account the overall design of the protocol. In the past model checking…
In a recent paper [Z. J. Zhang and Z. X. Man, Phys. Rev. A 72, 022303(2005)], a multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol based on entanglement swapping was presented. However, as we show, this protocol is insecure in the sense that an…
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a promising technology for secure communication. Nevertheless, QKD is still treated with caution in certain contexts due to potential gaps between theoretical models and actual QKD implementations. A common…
The technological possibilities of a realistic eavesdropper are discussed. Two eavesdropping strategies taking profit of multiphoton pulses in faint laser QKD are presented. We conclude that, as long as storage of Qubits is technically…
We present strong attacks against quantum key distribution schemes which use quantum memories and quantum gates to attack directly the final key. We analyze a specific attack of this type, for which we find the density matrices available to…