相关论文: What is the Fastest Speed at which a Single Electr…
The electrical 3 dB bandwidth is regularly used as a measure for the response speed of a photodetector and is estimated via various approaches in literature, ranging from direct measurements to gauged values via approximations. Great care…
The quantum efficiency, which characterizes the quality of information gain against information loss, is an important figure of merit for any realistic quantum detectors in the gradual process of collapsing the state being measured. In this…
Many important phenomena in quantum devices are dynamic, meaning that they cannot be studied using time-averaged measurements alone. Experiments that measure such transient effects are collectively known as fast readout. One of the most…
We analyze the influence of relativistic effects on the minimum evolution time between two orthogonal states of a quantum system. Defining the initial state as an homogeneous superposition between two Hamiltonian eigenstates of an electron…
With increasing interest in high-speed imaging should come an increased interest in the response times of our scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) detectors. Previous works have previously highlighted and contrasted performance…
Picosecond-level timing will be an important component of the next generation of particle physics detectors. The ability to add a 4$^{th}$ dimension to our measurements will help address the increasing complexity of events at hadron…
We study the problem of an electron in two dimensions in the presence of a magnetic vortex with a step-like profile. Dependending on the values of the effective mass and gyromagnetic factor of the electron, it may be trapped by the vortex.…
Radio-frequency reflectometry, which probes small changes in the electrical impedance of a device, provides a useful method for sensitive and fast detection of dynamic processes in quantum systems. We use this method to detect excitation of…
Rydberg-assisted atomic electrometry with thermal vapors offers a promising approach for detecting external electric fields. However, this technique presents significant challenges for measuring low frequencies due to the effects of…
Background charge fluctuators are studied individually by means of a modified single-electron pump. Operation of the device in a feedback mode allows electrometric sensing of the charged background and its behavior upon electric potential…
The development of a microwave electrometer with inherent uncertainty approaching its ultimate limit carries both fundamental and technological significance. Recently, the Rydberg electrometer has garnered considerable attention due to its…
The deflection of a laser beam traveling through a modulated electric field is measured using phase-sensitive detection to place an upper bound on photon charge. An upper limit of $10^{-14}e$ is obtained. The experiment involves a number of…
We present a Rydberg-atom interferometry-based technique for voltage measurement between electrodes embedded in an atomic vapor cell, enabling the detection of weak voltages ($<0.1$V) and unambiguous discrimination between positive and…
Microwave sensing has important applications in areas such as data communication and remote sensing, so it has received much attention from international academia, industry, and governments. Atomic wireless sensing uses the strong response…
The motion of an electron in an image field and a blocking electric field is considered in semiclassical approximation. An exact analytical expression is found for the density of the energy spectrum of states. The dependence of spectral…
Current constraints on photon velocity variability are summarized and displayed in terms of an energy dependent vacuum refraction index. It is shown that the energy-momentum balance of high energy Compton scattering is very sensitive to the…
This letter proposes a new method based on ultrafast high energy electron radiography to diagnose transient electromagnetic field. For the traditional methods, large scattering from matter will increase the uncertainty of measurement, but…
Electrometry near a dielectric surface is performed using Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The large polarizability of high n-state Rydberg atoms gives this method extreme sensitivity. We show that adsorbates on the…
We demonstrate that electrons can be efficiently accelerated to high energy in spatially non-uniform, intense laser fields. Laser non-uniformities occur when a perfect plane wave reflects off a randomly perturbed surface. By solving for…
Rydberg atomic sensors and receivers have enabled sensitive and traceable measurements of RF fields at a wide range of frequencies. Here we demonstrate the detection of electric field amplitude in the extremely high frequency (EHF) band, at…