相关论文: Wave mechanics without gauge fixing
A version of the quantum theory of gravity based on the concept of the wave functional of the universe is proposed. To determine the physical wave functional, the quantum principle of least action is formulated as a secular equation for the…
The quasiparticle wavefunction of a many-electron system is traditionally defined as the eigenfunction of the quasiparticle eigenvalue equation involving the self-energy. In this article a new concept of a quasiparticle wavefunction is…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities, such as the vacuum current, are calculated the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed…
We develop the general theory of spinning particles with electric and magnetic dipole moments moving in arbitrary electromagnetic, inertial and gravitational fields. Both the quantum-mechanical and classical dynamics is investigated. We…
The essentials of quantum theory, the Schr\"odinger equation and the Planck constant, are derived using classical statistical mechanics within the non-local Machan model. The appearance of complex wave function is connected with the…
The multipolar Hamiltonian of quantum electrodynamics (QED) is extensively employed in chemical and optical physics to treat rigorously the interaction of electromagnetic fields with matter. It is also widely used to evaluate intermolecular…
Due to the space and time dependence of the wave function in the time dependent Schroedinger equation, different boundary conditions are possible. The equation is usually solved as an ``initial value problem'', by fixing the value of the…
It is shown that the wave function describes the state of the statistical ensemble E[S] of individual particles, or the statistical average particle <S>. This result follows from the fact that in the classical limit h=0 the Schroedinger…
It is shown that von Neumann-Landau equation for wave functions can present a mathematical formalism of motion of quantum mechanics. The wave functions of von Neumann-Landau equation for a single particle are `bipartite', in which the…
Wave-particle duality as one of the expression of Bohr complementarity is a significant concept in the field of quantum mechanics. Quantitative analysis of wave-particle duality aims to establish a complementary relation between the…
The potential concept that is successful in classical electrodynamics should also be applicable to the nonlinear electromagnetic forces acting on matter. The obvious method of determining these potentials should be provided by Helmholtz's…
Multi-time wave functions are wave functions that have a time variable for every particle, such as $\phi(t_1,x_1,\ldots,t_N,x_N)$. They arise as a relativistic analog of the wave functions of quantum mechanics but can be applied also in…
The gauge invariant electromagnetic Wigner equation is taken as the basis for a fluid-like system describing quantum plasmas, derived from the moments of the gauge invariant Wigner function. The use of the standard, gauge dependent Wigner…
An extension of the classical action principle obtained in the framework of the gauge transformations, is used to describe the motion of a particle. This extension assigns many, but not all, paths to a particle. Properties of the particle…
Quantum pumping holds great potential for future applications in micro- and nanotechnology. Its main feature, dissipationless charge transport, is theoretically possible via several different mechanisms. However, since no unambiguous…
Matter wave interferometry is becoming an increasingly important technique in quantum metrology. However, unlike its photonic counterpart, this technique relies on the interference of particles possessing a non-zero rest mass and an…
Classical electrodynamics uses a dielectric constant to describe the polarization response of electromechanical systems to changes in an electric field. We generalize that description to include a wide variety of responses to changes in the…
Two methods are explained to exactly solve Maxwell's equations where permittivity, permeability and conductivity may vary in space. In the constitutive relations, retardation is regarded. If the material properties depend but on one…
It is shown that all of the basic properties of the hydrogen atom can be consistently described in terms of classical electrodynamics instead of taking the electron to be a particle; we consider an electrically charged classical wave field,…
Relations between particle and wave properties for charge carriers in periodic potentials of crystalline metals and semiconductors are derived. The particle aspects of electrons and holes in periodic potentials are considered using…