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Methods of finding good quantum error correcting codes are discussed, and many example codes are presented. The recipe C_2^{\perp} \subseteq C_1, where C_1 and C_2 are classical codes, is used to obtain codes for up to 16 information qubits…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-12-18 Andrew Steane

The known quantum error-correcting codes are typically built on approximative open-quantum-system models such as Born--Markov master equations. However, it is an open question how such codes perform in actual physical systems that, to some…

Encoding quantum information in a quantum error correction (QEC) code enhances protection against errors. Imperfection of quantum devices due to decoherence effects will limit the fidelity of quantum gate operations. In particular, neutral…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-03-03 J. J. Postema , S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

This is an expository article aiming to introduce the reader to the underlying mathematics and geometry of quantum error correction. Information stored on quantum particles is subject to noise and interference from the environment. Quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-01-10 Simeon Ball , Aina Centelles , Felix Huber

We construct a classical algorithm that designs quantum circuits for algorithmic quantum simulation of arbitrary qudit channels on fault-tolerant quantum computers within a pre-specified error tolerance with respect to diamond-norm…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-09-23 Dong-Sheng Wang , Barry C. Sanders

The quantum error correction theory is as a rule formulated in a rather convoluted way, in comparison to classical algebraic theory. This work revisits the error correction in a noisy quantum channel so as to make it intelligible to…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2015-03-17 C. M. F. Barros , Francisco Marcos de Assis , H. M. de Oliveira

A major challenge in practical quantum computation is the ineludible errors caused by the interaction of quantum systems with their environment. Fault-tolerant schemes, in which logical qubits are encoded by several physical qubits, enable…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-12-17 Kai Sun , Jin-Shi Xu , Xiao-Ye Xu , Yong-Jian Han , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Near-term hardware is constrained by high error rates, small qubit counts, and relatively low output fidelity, making the execution of large, high performance quantum circuits difficult. Circuit partitioning (or circuit cutting) has emerged…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-27 Connor Howe , Cristina Radian , Justin Woodring , Vardaan Sahgal , Brian J. McDermott

The surface code is a powerful quantum error correcting code that can be defined on a 2-D square lattice of qubits with only nearest neighbor interactions. Syndrome and data qubits form a checkerboard pattern. Information about errors is…

量子物理 · 物理学 2010-11-24 Austin G. Fowler , David S. Wang , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

In Layout Synthesis, the logical qubits of a quantum circuit are mapped to the physical qubits of a given quantum hardware platform, taking into account the connectivity of physical qubits. This involves inserting SWAP gates before an…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-09-29 Irfansha Shaik , Jaco van de Pol

In this paper, the problem of constructing an efficient quantum circuit for the implementation of an arbitrary quantum computation is addressed. To this end, a basic block based on the cosine-sine decomposition method is suggested which…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-09-04 Mehdi Saeedi , Mona Arabzadeh , Morteza Saheb Zamani , Mehdi Sedighi

Assuming an array that consists of two parallel lines of qubits and that permits only nearest neighbor interactions, we construct physical and logical circuitry to enable universal fault tolerant quantum computation under the [[7,1,3]]…

量子物理 · 物理学 2008-05-09 A. M. Stephens , A. G. Fowler , L. C. L. Hollenberg

In quantum computation every unitary operation can be decomposed into quantum circuits-a series of single-qubit rotations and a single type entangling two-qubit gates, such as controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates. Two measures are important when…

量子物理 · 物理学 2011-03-07 Martin Plesch , Časlav Brukner

We show that errors are not generated correlatedly provided that quantum bits do not directly interact with (or couple to) each other. Generally, this no-qubits-interaction condition is assumed except for the case where two-qubit gate…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-06 W. Y. Hwang , D. Ahn , S. W. Hwang

With improved gate calibrations reducing unitary errors, we achieve a benchmarked single-qubit gate fidelity of 99.95% with superconducting qubits in a circuit quantum electrodynamics system. We present a method for distinguishing between…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-01-13 Sarah Sheldon , Lev S. Bishop , Easwar Magesan , Stefan Filipp , Jerry M. Chow , Jay M. Gambetta

Quantum error correction is an essential tool for reliably performing tasks for processing quantum information on a large scale. However, integration into quantum circuits to achieve these tasks is problematic when one realizes that…

Quantum error correction allows for faulty quantum systems to behave in an effectively error free manner. One important class of techniques for quantum error correction is the class of quantum subsystem codes, which are relevant both to…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-05-29 Gregory M. Crosswhite , Dave Bacon

We show the applicability of the Cartan decomposition of Lie algebras to quantum circuits. This approach can be used to synthesize circuits that can efficiently implement any desired unitary operation. Our method finds explicit quantum…

In this paper we study an error correcting protocol that specifically derives its error correcting properties from elementary units of coherence. The entire protocol from beginning to end is performed using non-coherence increasing…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-04-26 Kok Chuan Tan , S. Omkar , Hyeonseok Jeong

Quantum error correction is widely believed to be essential for large-scale quantum computation, but the required qubit overhead remains a central challenge. Quantum low-density parity-check codes can substantially reduce this overhead…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-13 Chen Zhao , Casey Duckering , Andi Gu , Nishad Maskara , Hengyun Zhou