相关论文: Superselection Rules in Quantum Cryptography

Quantum cryptography leverages many unique features of quantum information in order to construct cryptographic primitives that are oftentimes impossible classically. In this work, we build on the no-cloning principle of quantum mechanics…

Quantum bit commitment (QBC) is insecure in the standard non-relativistic quantum cryptographic framework, essentially because Alice can exploit quantum steering to defer making her commitment. Two assumptions in this framework are that:…

Modern cryptography relies on keyed symmetric ciphers to ensure the secrecy and authenticity of high bandwidth data transfer. While the advent of quantum computers poses a challenge for public key cryptography, unbroken ciphers are…

We study nonrenormalizable coupling terms in $Z_N$ orbifold models. Nontrivial selection rules of couplings are provided and cannot be understood in terms of a simple symmetry of effective field theories. We also discuss phenomenological…

Quantum mechanics allows processes to be superposed, leading to a genuinely quantum lack of causal structure. For example, the process known as the quantum switch applies two operations ${\cal A}$ and ${\cal B}$ in a superposition of the…

Engineering quantum operations is one of the main abilities we need for developing quantum technologies and designing new fundamental tests. Here we propose a scheme for realising a controlled operation acting on a travelling quantum field,…

In the task cryptographers call bit commitment, one party encrypts a prediction in a way that cannot be decrypted until they supply a key, but has only one valid key. Bit commitment has many applications, and has been much studied, but…

We study the physical resources required to implement general quantum operations, and provide new bounds on the minimum possible size which an environment must be in order to perform certain quantum operations. We prove that contrary to a…

The uncertainty principle limits quantum states such that when one observable takes predictable values there must be some other mutually unbiased observables which take uniformly random values. We show that this restrictive condition plays…

We propose the use of a trapped electron to implement quantum logic operations. The fundamental controlled-NOT gate is shown to be feasible. The two quantum bits are stored in the internal and external (motional) degrees of freedom.

We deal with a problem of finding maximum of a function from the Holder class on a quantum computer. We show matching lower and upper bounds on the complexity of this problem. We prove upper bounds by constructing an algorithm that uses the…

A resolution of the quantum measurement problem(s) using the consistent histories interpretation yields in a rather natural way a restriction on what an observer can know about a quantum system, one that is also consistent with some results…

Quantum bits can be isolated to perform useful information-theoretic tasks, even though physical systems are fundamentally described by very high-dimensional operator algebras. This is because qubits can be consistently embedded into…

In quantum process tomography, it is possible to express the experimenter's prior information as a sequence of quantum operations, i.e., trace-preserving completely positive maps. In analogy to de Finetti's concept of exchangeability for…

We show how imaginary numbers in quantum physics can be eliminated by enlarging the Hilbert Space followed by an imposition of - what effectively amounts to - a superselection rule. We illustrate this procedure with a qubit and apply it to…

Recently, Yamaguchi and Kempf [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136:010801, arXiv:2501.02757] proved that encrypted qubits can be cloned. In this work, we generalize the encrypted cloning protocol and prove that it also applies to higher-order quantum…

Large machine learning models with improved predictions have become widely available in the chemical sciences. Unfortunately, these models do not protect the privacy necessary within commercial settings, prohibiting the use of potentially…

B92-type and BB84-type quantum cryptography schemes using superposed states of the vacuum and single particle states which are robust against PNS attacks are studied. The number of securely transferred classical bits per particle (not per…

We consider secret sharing schemes with a classical secret and quantum shares. One example of such schemes was recently reported whose access structure cannot be realized by any secret sharing schemes with classical shares. In this paper,…

Quantum cryptography is the art and science of exploiting quantum mechanical effects in order to perform cryptographic tasks. While the most well-known example of this discipline is quantum key distribution (QKD), there exist many other…