相关论文: Covariant phase difference observables

In multimode interferometers, the interaction between several modes brings a high level of complexity to the interpretation of its light patterns. With recent advances, it is possible to selectively excite only a couple of modes inside the…

Quantifying how distinguishable two stochastic processes are lies at the heart of many fields, such as machine learning and quantitative finance. While several measures have been proposed for this task, none have universal applicability and…

For any kind of wave phenomenon one can find ways to derive the respective dispersion relation from experimental observations and measurements. This dispersion relation determines the structure of the wave equation and thus characterizes…

Covariant classical particle dynamics is described, and the associated covariant relativistic particle quantum mechanics is derived. The invariant symmetric bracket is defined on the space of quantum amplitudes, and its relation to a…

A one dimensional stochastic exclusion process with two species of particles, $+$ and $-$, is studied where density of each species can fluctuate but the total particle density is conserved. From the exact stationary state weights we show…

Phase separation dynamics with an initially non-uniform concentration are studied. Critical and off-critical behavior is observed simultaneously. A mechanism for an expanding phase separated region is demonstrated and the time dependence of…

A driven diffusive model of three types of particles that exhibits phase separation on a ring is introduced. The dynamics is local and comprises nearest neighbor exchanges that conserve each of the three species. For the case in which the…

In causal models, a given mechanism is assumed to be invariant to changes of other mechanisms. While this principle has been utilized for inference in settings where the causal variables are observed, theoretical insights when the variables…

Stochastic dynamics is generated by a matrix of transition probabilities. Certain eigenvectors of this matrix provide observables, and when these are plotted in the appropriate multi-dimensional space the phases (in the sense of phase…

After a measurement, to observe the relative phases of macroscopically distinguishable states we have to ``undo'' a quantum measurement. We generalise an earlier model of Peres from two state to N-state quantum system undergoing measurement…

We develop a rigorous formalism for the description of the evolution of observables of quantum systems of particles in the mean-field scaling limit. The corresponding asymptotics of a solution of the initial-value problem of the dual…

Some conceptual issues concerning general invariant theories, with special emphasis on general relativity, are analyzed. The common assertion that observables must be required to be gauge invariant is examined in the light of the role…

A simplified Ginzburg-Landau theory is presented to study generally a coupling of a first-order phase transition (FOPT) to a second-order phase transition (SOPT). We show analytically that, due to the coupling between the two phase…

Wave-particle duality and the superposition of quantum mechanical states furnish quantum mechanics with unique features which distinguishes it from classical mechanics and give it the apparently counter-intuition interpretation. The two…

We have found that kappa-symmetry allows a covariant quantization provided the ground state of the theory is strictly massive. For D-p-branes a Hamiltonian analysis is performed to explain the existence of a manifestly supersymmetric and…

A method is discussed to analyze the dynamics of a dissipative quantum system. The method hinges upon the definition of an alternative (time-dependent) product among the observables of the system. In the long time limit this yields a…

Phase distortion refers to the alteration of the phase relationships between frequencies in a signal, which can be perceptible. In this paper, we discuss a special case of phase distortion known as phase-intercept distortion, which is…

Information-theoretical quantities such as statistical distinguishability typically result from optimisations over all conceivable observables. Physical theories, however, are not generally considered valid for all mathematically allowed…

Both classical and respectively quantum observables can be modeled as somewhat similar examples of random variables. In such a model the associated measurements preserve the values spectrum of an observable but change the corresponding…

We follow the time sequence of binary elastic collisions in a small collection of hard-core particles. Intervals between the collisions are characterized by the numbers of collisions of different pairs in a given time. It was shown…