相关论文: Measurement as soft final-state interaction with a…

Sensing of parameters is an important aspect in all disciplines, with applications ranging from fundamental science to medicine. Quantum sensing and metrology is an emerging field that lies at the cross-roads of quantum physics, quantum…

When a measurement is made on a system that is not in an eigenstate of the measured observable, it is often assumed that some conservation law has been violated. Discussions of the effect of measurements on conserved quantities often…

We analyze a quantum measurement where the apparatus is initially in a mixed state. We show that the amount of information gained in a measurement is not equal to the amount of entanglement between the system and the apparatus, but is…

The macroscopic fluctuation theory provides a complete hydrodynamic description of non-equilibrium classical diffusive systems. As a first step towards a diffusive theory of open quantum systems, we show how to construct a microscopic open…

We consider stochastic thermodynamics as a theory of statistical inference for experimentally observed fluctuating time-series. To that end, we introduce a general framework for quantifying the knowledge about the dynamical state of the…

The traditional view from particle physics is that quantum gravity effects should only become detectable at extremely high energies and small length scales. Due to the significant technological challenges involved, there has been limited…

The measurability by means of continuous measurements, of an observable $\A(t_0)$, at an instant, and of a time averaged observable, $\bar \A=1/T\int \A(t')dt'$, is examined for linear and in particular for non-linear quantum mechanical…

In this paper, we extend the standard formalism of quantum mechanics to a quantum theory for a total system including one internal measuring apparatus. The internality of the measuring apparatus implies that different decomposition of a…

Measurements with randomly chosen settings determine many important properties of quantum states without the need for a shared reference frame or calibration. They naturally emerge in the context of quantum communication and quantum…

Theory of quantum measurements is often classified as decision theory. An event in decision theory corresponds to the measurement of an observable. This analogy looks clear for operationally testable simple events. However, the situation is…

The so-called measurement problem of quantum theory (QT) is still lacking a satisfactory, or at least widely agreed upon, solution. A number of theories, known as interpretations of quantum theory, have been proposed and found differing…

A simple model of quantum particle is proposed in which the particle in a {\it macroscopic} rest frame is represented by a {\it microscopic d}-dimensional oscillator, {\it s=(d-1)/2} being the spin of the particle. The state vectors are…

Quantum metrology based on quantum entanglement and quantum coherence improves the accuracy of measurement. In this paper, we briefly review the schemes of quantum metrology in various complex systems, including non-Markovian noise,…

The paper gives a systematic review of the basic ideas of (non-relativistic) quantum mechanics including all changes that result from previous work of the authors. This shows that the new theory is self-consistent and (in certain sense)…

The information on a quantum process acquired through measurements plays a crucial role in the determination of its non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties. We report on the experimental inference of the stochastic entropy production rate…

Unsolved controversies about uncertainty relations and quantum measurements still persists nowadays. They originate around the shortcomings regarding the conventional interpretation of uncertainty relations. Here we show that the respective…

A molecular MCB junction in the partially wet phase has been used to probe effects related to open quantum systems. Although the exact quantum system, environment, and coupling, are not known the nature of the experiments shows a…

There is an enormous amount of information that can be extracted from the data of a quantum gas microscope that has yet to be fully explored. The quantum gas microscope has been used to directly measure magnetic order, dynamic correlations,…

Information about the internal properties of a system can only be obtained through interactions of the system with an external meter. However, such interactions generally result in entanglement between the system and the meter, making it…

We present a graduate course on ideal measurements, analyzed as dynamical processes of interaction between the tested system S and an apparatus A, described by quantum statistical mechanics. The apparatus A=M+B involves a macroscopic…