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Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) has revolutionized our atomic scale understanding of surfaces and accelerated progress in nanotechnology. This technique, however, is restricted to metal or semiconducting samples, as it requires a tiny…
The study of protostellar collapse or infall has proven unusually difficult and controversial. Some historical context will be provided, against which recent advances can be measured. We now have a substantial number of objects with…
Observing the individual building blocks of matter is one of the primary goals of microscopy. The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope [1] revolutionized experimental surface science in that atomic-scale features on a solid-state…
The short and intense pulses of the new X-ray free electron lasers, now operational or under construction, may make possible diffraction experiments on single molecule-sized objects with high resolution, before radiation damage destroys the…
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have become popular in materials science, biochemistry, biophysics and several other fields. Improvements in computational resources, in quality of force field parameters and algorithms have yielded…
The combination of theory and simulation is necessary in the investigation of properties of complex systems where each method alone cannot do the task properly. Theory needs simulation to test ideas and to check approximations. Simulation…
Precise experimental setups for detection of variation of fundamental constants, scalar dark matter, or gravitational waves, such as laser interferometers, optical cavities and resonant-mass detectors, are directly linked to measuring…
A tight binding model for scanning tunneling microscopy images of a molecule adsorbed on a metal surface is described. The model is similar in spirit to that used to analyze conduction along molecular wires connecting two metal leads and…
The miniaturization of semiconductor devices to the scales where small numbers of dopants can control device properties requires the development of new techniques capable of characterizing their dynamics. Investigating single dopants…
Exciting experiments in the field of atom and molecule optics have lately drawn much attention to the effects involved in the coherent diffraction of particle beams. We review the influence of the finite size of the particles and of their…
Recently, a conceptually new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), unparticle, has been proposed, where a hidden conformal sector is coupled to the SM sector through higher dimensional operators. In this setup, we investigate unparticle…
Increasingly sophisticated observational tools and techniques are now being developed for probing the nature of interstellar turbulence. At the same time, theoretical advances in understanding the nature of turbulence and its effects on the…
I review the present status of liquid mirror telescopes. In a nutshell: LMTs do work and several have been built and used. Extensive interferometric tests of liquid mirrors (the largest one having a diameter of 2.5 meters) show diffraction…
We propose a mechanism to use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for direct measurements of the two-electron singlet-triplet exchange splitting $J$ in diatomic molecular systems, unsing the coupling between the molecule and the substrate…
Various techniques have been developed to measure the 2D and 3D positions and 2D and 3D orientations of fluorescent molecules with improved precision over standard epifluorescence microscopes. Due to the challenging signal-to-background…
Explicit predictions for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) on interacting one-dimensional electron systems are made using the Luttinger liquid formalism. The STM current changes with distance from an impurity or boundary in a…
Theoretical understanding of scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) measurements involve electronic structure details of the STM tip and the sample being measured. Conventionally, the focus has been on the accuracy of the electronic state…
Quantum tomography is an essential experimental tool for testing any quantum technology implementations. Transverse spatial quantum states of light play a key role in many experiments in the field of quantum information as well as in…
Magnetic media remain a key in information storage and processing. The continuous increase of storage densities and the desire for quantum memories and computers pushes the limits of magnetic characterisation techniques. Ultimately, a tool…
Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms typically create atomic wavefunctions with structures at optical length scales, where direct imaging suffers from the diffraction limit. In analogy to advances in optical microscopy for biological…