相关论文: A quantum evaporation effect

When a high voltage is applied to pure water filling two beakers kept close to each other, a connection forms spontaneously, giving the impression of a floating water bridge. This phenomenon is of special interest, since it comprises a…

The effects of fluctuating boundaries on a superposition state of a quantum particle in a box is studied. We consider a model in one space dimension in which the initial state is a coherent superposition of two energy eigenstates. The…

Quantum backflow is usually understood as a quantum interference phenomenon where probability current of a quantum particle points in the opposite direction to particle's momentum. Here, we quantify the amount of quantum backflow for…

Free motion of a quantum particle with the wave function entirely comprised of plane waves with non-negative momenta may be accompanied by negative probability current, an effect called quantum backflow. The effect is weak and fragile, and…

Quantum teleportation -- the transmission and reconstruction over arbitrary distances of the state of a quantum system -- is demonstrated experimentally. During teleportation, an initial photon which carries the polarization that is to be…

We explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change of state of the entity under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement…

Breakdown of the Quantum Hall Effect at high values of injected current is explained as a consequence of an abrupt formation of a metallic ``river'' percolating from one edge of the sample to the other. Such river is formed when lakes of…

We study the quantum tunnelling of a very complex object of which only part is coupled to an external potential ( the potential barrier ). We treat this problem as the tunnelling of a particle (part of the system affected by the potential)…

We define and investigate, via numerical analysis, a one dimensional toy-model of a cloud chamber. An energetic quantum particle, whose initial state is a superposition of two identical wave packets with opposite average momentum, interacts…

We consider a quantum system strongly driven by forces that are periodic in time. The theorem concerns the probability $P(e)$ of observing a given energy change $e$ after a number of cycles. If the system is thermostated by a (quantum)…

Quantum mechanics has many counter-intuitive consequences which contradict our intuition which is based on classical physics. Here we discuss a special aspect of quantum mechanics, namely the possibility of entanglement between two or more…

The electromagnetic vacuum is known to have energy. It has been recently argued that the quantum vacuum can possess momentum, that adds up to the momentum of matter. This ``Casimir momentum'' is closely related to the Casimir effect, in…

We examine energy and particle exchange between finite-sized quantum systems and find a new form of nonequilibrium states. The exchange rate undergoes stepwise evolution in time, and its magnitude and sign dramatically change according to…

Fast moving classical variables can generate quantum mechanical behavior. We demonstrate how this can happen in a model. The key point is that in classically (ontologically) evolving systems one can still define a conserved quantum energy.…

Quantum diffusion is studied via dissipative Madelung hydrodynamics. Initially the wave packet spreads ballistically, than passes for an instant through normal diffusion and later tends asymptotically to a sub-diffusive law. It is shown…

A simple model is considered to study the effects of finite size and internal structure in the tunneling of bound two-body systems through a potential barrier. It is demonstrated that these effects are able to increase the tunneling…

Due to the coupling of a quantum system to its environment energy can be transfered between the two subsystems in both directions. In the present study we consider this process in a general framework for interactions with different…

Quantum-gravity effects may introduce relevant consequences for the propagation and interaction of high energy cosmic rays particles. Assuming the space-time foamy structure results in an intrinsic uncertainty of energy and momentum of…

We discuss a quantum effect in the diffusion process by developing a theory, which takes the finite curvature of the potential field into account. The transport coefficients of our theory satisfy the well-known fluctuation-dissipation…

Due to a transient quantum interference during a wavepacket collision with a potential barrier, a particular momentum, that depends on the potential parameters but is close to the initial average momentum, becomes suppressed. The hole left…