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We suggest a quantum cryptographic scheme using continuous EPR-like correlations of bright optical beams. For binary key encoding, the continuous information is discretized in a novel way by associating a respective measurement, amplitude…

Recently, Zhang et al. proposed a single-state semi-quantum key distribution protocol (Int. J. Quantum Inf, 18, 4, 2020) to help a quantum participant to share a secret key with a classical participant. However, this study shows that an…

Quantum key distribution can provide unconditionally secure key exchange for remote users in theory. In practice, however, in most quantum key distribution systems, quantum hackers might steal the secure keys by listening to the side…

We develop a model for practical, entanglement-based long-distance quantum key distribution employing entanglement swapping as a key building block. Relying only on existing off-the-shelf technology, we show how to optimize resources so as…

In this report we discuss the insecurity with present implementations of the Ekert protocol for quantum-key distribution based on the Wigner Inequality. We propose a modified version of this inequality which guarantees safe quantum-key…

We investigate a new strategy for incoherent eavesdropping in Ekert's entanglement based quantum key distribution protocol. We show that under certain assumptions of symmetry the effectiveness of this strategy reduces to that of the…

We review the main protocols for key distribution based on principles of quantum mechanics, describing the general underlying ideas, discussing implementation requirements and pointing out directions of current experiments. The issue of…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two spatially separated parties to securely generate a cryptographic key. The first QKD protocol, published by C. H. Bennett and G. Brassard in 1984 (BB84), describes how this is achieved by…

Quantum key distribution is among the foremost applications of quantum mechanics, both in terms of fundamental physics and as a technology on the brink of commercial deployment. Starting from principal schemes and initial proofs of…

A trusted quantum relay is introduced to enable quantum key distribution links to form the basic legs in a quantum key distribution network. The idea is based on the well-known intercept/resend eavesdropping. The same scheme can be used to…

In a recent comment, it has been shown that in a quantum secret sharing protocol proposed in [S. Bagherinezhad, V. Karimipour, Phys. Rev. {\bf A}, 67, 044302, (2003)], one of the receivers can cheat by splitting the entanglement of the…

In order to avoid the risk of information leakage during the information mutual transmission between two authorized participants, i.e., Alice and Bob, a quantum dialogue protocol based on the entanglement swapping between any two Bell…

A quantum key distribution protocol based on time coding uses delayed one photon pulses with minimum time-frequency uncertainty product. Possible overlap between the pulses induces an ambiguous delay measurement and ensures a secure key…

A new scheme of Quantum Key Distribution is proposed using three entangled particles in a GHZ state. Alice holds a 3-particle source and sends two particles to Bob, keeping one with herself. Bob uses one particle to generate a secure key,…

We present protocols for quantum key distribution in a prepare-and-measure setup with an asymmetric level of trust. While the device of the sender (Alice) is partially characterized, the receiver's (Bob's) device is treated as a black-box.…

With the rapid development of quantum computers the currently secure cryptographic protocols may not stay that way. Quantum mechanics provides means to create an inherently secure communication channel that is protected by the laws of…

Quantum cryptography allows one to distribute a secret key between two remote parties using the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. The well-known established paradigm for the quantum key distribution relies on the actual…

Device-independent quantum key distribution does not need a precise quantum mechanical model of employed devices to guarantee security. Despite of its beauty, it is still a very challenging experimental task. We compare a recent proposal by…

We propose a new quantum key distribution scheme that is based on the optimum expectation values of maximally entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. Our protocol makes use of the degrees of freedom in continuously variable angles,…

A quantum key distribution protocol based on quantum encryption is presented in this Brief Report. In this protocol, the previously shared Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs act as the quantum key to encode and decode the classical cryptography…